ArticlePloS one2012
MRI study on reversible and irreversible electroporation induced blood brain barrier disruption.
Article in PloS one, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers.
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Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 105 citations in OpenAlex.
- Early radiological assessment of locally advanced pancreatic cancer treated with electrochemotherapy.World journal of gastroenterology · 2017Trial
- Device-assisted strategies for drug delivery across the blood-brain barrier to treat glioblastoma.Communications materials · 2025Review
- Complexity and Perplexity of Pulsed Field Ablation: An Engineering Perspective.Arrhythmia & electrophysiology review · 2025Review
- A Flexible, Implantable, Bioelectronic Electroporation Device for Targeted Ablation of Seizure Foci in the Mouse Brain.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Tumor-derived extracellular vesicles disrupt the blood-brain barrier endothelium following high-frequency irreversible electroporation.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Alzheimer's disease and drug delivery across the blood-brain barrier: approaches and challenges.European journal of medical research · 2024Review
- Breaking barriers: exploring mechanisms behind opening the blood-brain barrier.Fluids and barriers of the CNS · 2023Review
- Non-Invasive Drug Delivery across the Blood-Brain Barrier: A Prospective Analysis.Pharmaceutics · 2023Review
- BBB opening by low pulsed electric fields, depicted by delayed-contrast MRI, enables efficient delivery of therapeutic doxorubicin doses into mice brains.Fluids and barriers of the CNS · 2023Article
- Passing of Nanocarriers across the Histohematic Barriers: Current Approaches for Tumor Theranostics.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Determination of lethal electric field threshold for pulsed field ablation inFrontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2023Article
- High-frequency irreversible electroporation improves survival and immune cell infiltration in rodents with malignant gliomas.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Article
- Advances of Electroporation-Related Therapies and the Synergy with Immunotherapy in Cancer Treatment.Vaccines · 2022Review
- Opening the Blood Brain Barrier with an Electropermanent Magnet System.Pharmaceutics · 2022Article
- Current Strategies to Enhance Delivery of Drugs across the Blood-Brain Barrier.Pharmaceutics · 2022Review
- Blood-brain barrier disruption as a cause of various serum neuron-specific enolase cut-off values for neurological prognosis in cardiac arrest patients.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Advancements in drug delivery methods for the treatment of brain disease.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2022Review
- An Investigation for Large Volume, Focal Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption with High-Frequency Pulsed Electric Fields.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- A Multiplexed Microfluidic Device to Measure Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption by Pulsed Electric Fields.Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference · 2021Article
- Electrotherapies for Glioblastoma.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Electroporation, is known to induce cell membrane permeabilization in the reversible (RE) mode and cell death in the irreversible (IRE) mode. Using an experimental system designed to produce a continuum of IRE followed by RE around a single electrode we used MRI to study the effects of electroporation on the brain. Fifty-four rats were injected with Gd-DOTA and treated with a G25 electrode implanted 5.5 mm deep into the striata. MRI was acquired immediately after treatment, 10 min, 20 min, 30 min, and up to three weeks following the treatment using: T1W, T2W, Gradient echo (GE), serial SPGR (DCE-MRI) with flip angles ranging over 5-25°, and diffusion-weighted MRI (DWMRI). Blood brain barrier (BBB) disruption was depicted as clear enhancement on T1W images. The average signal intensity in the regions of T1-enhancement, representing BBB disruption, increased from 1887±83 (arbitrary units) immediately post treatment to 2246±94 20 min post treatment, then reached a plateau towards the 30 min scan where it reached 2289±87. DWMRI at 30 min showed no significant effects. Early treatment effects and late irreversible damage were clearly depicted on T2W. The enhancing volume on T2W has increased by an average of 2.27±0.27 in the first 24-48 hours post treatment, suggesting an inflammatory tissue response. The permanent tissue damage, depicted as an enhancing region on T2W, 3 weeks post treatment, decreased to an average of 50±10% of the T2W enhancing volumes on the day of the treatment which was 33±5% of the BBB disruption volume. Permanent tissue damage was significantly smaller than the volume of BBB disruption, suggesting, that BBB disruption is associated with RE while tissue damage with IRE. These results demonstrate the feasibility of applying reversible and irreversible electroporation for transient BBB disruption or permanent damage, respectively, and applying MRI for planning/monitoring disruption volume/shape by optimizing electrode positions and treatment parameters.
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