ReviewWiley interdisciplinary reviews. Systems biology and medicine
Post-translational modification: nature's escape from genetic imprisonment and the basis for dynamic information encoding.
Review in Wiley interdisciplinary reviews. Systems biology and medicine. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 165 papers.
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Who cites it
165 citing papers in PubMed, 337 citations in OpenAlex.
- Large-scale single-molecule analysis of tau proteoforms.Nature methods · 2026Article
- CLASPP: A unified model for predicting post-translational modifications.PLoS computational biology · 2026Article
- Splicing-driven post-translational dysregulation: a new frontier for precision cancer medicine and immunotherapy.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026Review
- CLASPP: A unified model for predicting post-translational modifications.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Puf4 is methylated and exhibits a temperature-dependent interactome inMicrobiology spectrum · 2026Article
- On the Utility of Infrared Photoactivation for Native Top-Down and Complex-Down Orbitrap Mass Spectrometry of Soluble Proteoform Complexes.Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry · 2026Article
- Review
- Secretome-Wide Lysine Acetylation Profiling ofMicroorganisms · 2026Article
- SIRT2-mediated deacetylation of LCK governs the magnitude of T cell receptor signaling.Nature immunology · 2026Article
- Cofilin/RhoA and CREB synergistically promote invasion and migration of polyploid giant cancer cells in colorectal cancer.Journal of Cancer · 2026Article
- Uniform volumetric single-cell processing for organ-scale molecular phenotyping.Nature biotechnology · 2025Article
- Implications of Protein Posttranslational Modifications in Sepsis-Induced Acute Lung Injury and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome.Shock (Augusta, Ga.) · 2025Review
- Synthesis, biological evaluation and clinical trials of Cereblon-based PROTACs.Communications chemistry · 2025Review
- Lithium normalizes ASD-related neuronal, synaptic, and behavioral phenotypes in DYRK1A-knockin mice.Molecular psychiatry · 2025Article
- Temporal regulation of gene expression through integration of p53 dynamics and modifications.Science advances · 2024Article
- MSModDetector: a tool for detecting mass shifts and post-translational modifications in individual ion mass spectrometry data.Bioinformatics (Oxford, England) · 2024Article
- A critical evaluation of ultrasensitive single-cell proteomics strategies.Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry · 2024Review
- Cranberry Proanthocyanidins Mitigate Reflux-Induced Transporter Dysregulation in an Esophageal Adenocarcinoma Model.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Role of non-canonical post-translational modifications in gastrointestinal tumors.Cancer cell international · 2023Review
- Adnp-mutant mice with cognitive inflexibility, CaMKIIα hyperactivity, and synaptic plasticity deficits.Molecular psychiatry · 2023Article
105 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
We discuss protein post-translational modification (PTM) from an information processing perspective. PTM at multiple sites on a protein creates a combinatorial explosion in the number of potential 'mod-forms', or global patterns of modification. Distinct mod-forms can elicit distinct downstream responses, so that the overall response depends partly on the effectiveness of a particular mod-form to elicit a response and partly on the stoichiometry of that mod-form in the molecular population. We introduce the 'mod-form distribution'-the relative stoichiometries of each mod-form-as the most informative measure of a protein's state. Distinct mod-form distributions may summarize information about distinct cellular and physiological conditions and allow downstream processes to interpret this information accordingly. Such information 'encoding' by PTMs may facilitate evolution by weakening the need to directly link upstream conditions to downstream responses. Mod-form distributions provide a quantitative framework in which to interpret ideas of 'PTM codes' that are emerging in several areas of biology, as we show by reviewing examples of ion channels, GPCRs, microtubules, and transcriptional co-regulators. We focus particularly on examples other than the well-known 'histone code', to emphasize the pervasive use of information encoding in molecular biology. Finally, we touch briefly on new methods for measuring mod-form distributions.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.