ArticleInflammation2013
Intrahepatic expression of programmed death-1 and its ligands in patients with HBV-related acute-on-chronic liver failure.
Article in Inflammation, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dysfunction of monocyte in the development of HBV-ACLF: Immune activation or immune suppression?Journal of translational internal medicine · 2025Article
- Immunohistochemical Profiling of Immune Checkpoints in Chronic Hepatitis B Liver Tissue.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- BTLA contributes to acute-on-chronic liver failure infection and mortality through CD4Nature communications · 2024Article
- [PD-1 is associated with CD8(+)T lymphocyte dysfunction in patients with acute and chronic liver failure].Zhonghua gan zang bing za zhi = Zhonghua ganzangbing zazhi = Chinese journal of hepatology · 2021Article
- A neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio-based prognostic model to predict mortality in patients with HBV-related acute-on-chronic liver failure.BMC gastroenterology · 2021Article
- PD-1 Involvement in Peripheral Blood CD8Journal of clinical and translational hepatology · 2021Article
- Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure: Pathophysiological Mechanisms and Management.Frontiers in medicine · 2021Review
- Interleukin-35 Suppresses CD8Digestive diseases and sciences · 2020Article
- [Research progress of prewarning parameters of pre-hepatic failure].Zhonghua gan zang bing za zhi = Zhonghua ganzangbing zazhi = Chinese journal of hepatology · 2020Review
- Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure From Chronic-Hepatitis-B, Who Is the Behind Scenes.Frontiers in microbiology · 2020Review
- Immune suppression in chronic hepatitis B infection associated liver disease: A review.World journal of gastroenterology · 2019Review
- BTLA/HVEM Signaling: Milestones in Research and Role in Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Review
- The Duality of Fgl2 - Secreted Immune Checkpoint Regulator Versus Membrane-Associated Procoagulant: Therapeutic Potential and Implications.International reviews of immunology · 2016Review
- Rationally combining anti-VEGF therapy with checkpoint inhibitors in hepatocellular carcinoma.Immunotherapy · 2016Review
- Early warning and clinical outcome prediction of acute-on-chronic hepatitis B liver failure.World journal of gastroenterology · 2015Review
- Natural killer cell dysfunction in hepatocellular carcinoma and NK cell-based immunotherapy.Acta pharmacologica Sinica · 2015Review
- Circulating cell death biomarker: good candidates of prognostic indicator for patients with hepatitis B virus related acute-on-chronic liver failure.Scientific reports · 2015Article
- Myeloid-derived suppressor cells impair alveolar macrophages through PD-1 receptor ligation during Pneumocystis pneumonia.Infection and immunity · 2015Article
- The development of endometrial hyperplasia in aged PD-1-deficient female mice.Diagnostic pathology · 2014Article
- Physiological functions and clinical implications of fibrinogen-like 2: A review.World journal of clinical infectious diseases · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major public health problem, and HBV-related acute-on-chronic liver failure (HBV-ACLF) has an extremely poor prognosis due to a lack of understanding of pathogenesis as well as a lack of effective treatments. Signals from the inhibitory receptor programmed death-1 (PD-1) have been demonstrated to be involved in regulating the pathogenesis of infectious diseases. However, the expression of PD-1 and its ligands in HBV-ACLF patients has yet to be evaluated. In this study, the expression of PD-1 and its ligands, PD-L1 and PD-L2, in liver biopsies from HBV-ACLF as well as chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients were analyzed by immunohistochemistry. The results showed that all three molecules were observed in the HBV-ACLF samples and their levels were significantly higher than they were in CHB. Immunofluorescence double-staining showed that PD-1 was found on CD3(+), CD8(+) T cells, CD56(+) NK cells, CD68(+) macrophages, CK-18(+) epithelial cells, and CD16(+) monocytes. The PD-L1 expression was observed on all cell types detected and the PD-L2 was chiefly on CK-18(+) epithelial cells and CD31(+) endothelial cells. Interestingly, high levels of virus-induced procoagulant molecule fibrinogen-like protein 2 (FGL2) were observed in liver sections from HBV-ACLF, and PD-L1 and PD-L2 expression was also observed on FGL2(+) cells in these patients. Our combined results suggest that the expression of PD-L1 and PD-L2 may be biomarkers to identify and diagnose ACLF, and a clear understanding of their functional roles should further elucidate the pathogenesis of this disease.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.