ArticleBMC neuroscience2012
In vivo assessment of the permeability of the blood-brain barrier and blood-retinal barrier to fluorescent indoline derivatives in zebrafish.
Article in BMC neuroscience, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 49 citations in OpenAlex.
- Measuring blood-brain barrier dysfunction: a critical appraisal of fluid biomarkers, in vitro models, in vivo imaging, and post-mortem approaches.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Review
- Biguanide-functionalized peptide mimics effectively combat drug-resistant ESKAPE pathogens and meningitis.Nature communications · 2025Article
- In vivo video microscopy of the rupturing process of thin blood vessels to clarify the mechanism of bruising caused by blunt impact: an animal study.Biomedical engineering online · 2024Article
- A novel class of indole derivatives: enhanced bioavailability, permeability, and antioxidant efficacy for thromboembolic disease therapy.Medicinal chemistry research : an international journal for rapid communications on design and mechanisms of action of biologically active agents · 2024Article
- Review
- P-glycoprotein inhibition affects ivermectin-induced behavioural alterations in fed and fasted zebrafish (Danio rerio).Fish physiology and biochemistry · 2022Article
- Toxicity of Jegosaponins A and B fromInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Spatiotemporal imaging and pharmacokinetics of fluorescent compounds in zebrafish eleuthero-embryos after different routes of administration.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Imaging of viral neuroinvasion in the zebrafish reveals that Sindbis and chikungunya viruses favour different entry routes.Disease models & mechanisms · 2017Article
- DNA Damage Response Is Involved in the Developmental Toxicity of Mebendazole in Zebrafish Retina.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2016Article
- EP300 Protects from Light-Induced Retinopathy in Zebrafish.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2016Article
- E2F4 Promotes Neuronal Regeneration and Functional Recovery after Spinal Cord Injury in Zebrafish.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2016Article
- Pharmacological profiling of zebrafish behavior using chemical and genetic classification of sleep-wake modifiers.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2015Article
- Molecular determinants of blood-brain barrier permeation.Therapeutic delivery · 2015Review
- Identification of a novel indoline derivative for in vivo fluorescent imaging of blood-brain barrier disruption in animal models.ACS chemical neuroscience · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundSuccessful delivery of compounds to the brain and retina is a challenge in the development of therapeutic drugs and imaging agents. This challenge arises because internalization of compounds into the brain and retina is restricted by the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and blood-retinal barrier (BRB), respectively. Simple and reliable in vivo assays are necessary to identify compounds that can easily cross the BBB and BRB.
methodsWe developed six fluorescent indoline derivatives (IDs) and examined their ability to cross the BBB and BRB in zebrafish by in vivo fluorescence imaging. These fluorescent IDs were administered to live zebrafish by immersing the zebrafish larvae at 7-8 days post fertilization in medium containing the ID, or by intracardiac injection. We also examined the effect of multidrug resistance proteins (MRPs) on the permeability of the BBB and BRB to the ID using MK571, a selective inhibitor of MRPs.
resultsThe permeability of these barriers to fluorescent IDs administered by simple immersion was comparable to when administered by intracardiac injection. Thus, this finding supports the validity of drug administration by simple immersion for the assessment of BBB and BRB permeability to fluorescent IDs. Using this zebrafish model, we demonstrated that the length of the methylene chain in these fluorescent IDs significantly affected their ability to cross the BBB and BRB via MRPs.
conclusionsWe demonstrated that in vivo assessment of the permeability of the BBB and BRB to fluorescent IDs could be simply and reliably performed using zebrafish. The structure of fluorescent IDs can be flexibly modified and, thus, the permeability of the BBB and BRB to a large number of IDs can be assessed using this zebrafish-based assay. The large amount of data acquired might be useful for in silico analysis to elucidate the precise mechanisms underlying the interactions between chemical structure and the efflux transporters at the BBB and BRB. In turn, understanding these mechanisms may lead to the efficient design of compounds targeting the brain and retina.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.