ArticleImmunogenetics2012
CCR5 promoter haplotypes differentially influence CCR5 expression on natural killer and T cell subsets in ethnically divergent HIV-1 uninfected South African populations.
Article in Immunogenetics, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Reduced CCR5 Expression and Immune Quiescence in Black South African HIV-1 Controllers.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- CCR5 expression, haplotype and immune activation in protection from infection in HIV-exposed uninfected individuals in HIV-serodiscordant relationships.Immunology · 2017Article
- Association between HIV-1 tropism and CCR5 human haplotype E in a Caucasian population.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2014Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
CCR5 plays a critical and central role in HIV-1 infection and, to date, a number of genetic mutations and haplotypes within the gene have been found to positively or negatively influence an individual's susceptibility and rate of disease progression. In this study, we have evaluated the influence of CCR5 haplotypes, HHA, HHC, HHD, and HHE, on CCR5 expression in healthy HIV-1 uninfected individuals from two populations, South African Africans (SAA, n = 22) and South African Caucasians (SAC, n = 31). CCR5 haplotypes were determined through sequencing and real time polymerase chain reaction. Flow cytometry was used to quantitate CCR5 surface expression, as both CCR5 density and percentage of CCR5-expressing cells, on B, T, natural killer (NK) cells and monocytes. SAA individuals positive for the HHA haplotype had significantly lower percentages of CCR5-expressing CD8+ T cells in comparison to individuals without HHA (P = 0.001). HHC+ SAC individuals had significantly higher CCR5 molecules per cell (density) on NK (CD56+) and CD16+ CD56+ NK cell subsets (P = 0.030 and P = 0.024, respectively) compared to HHC- SAC individuals. Haplotypes HHD and HHE had no impact on CCR5 expression. Overall, our data highlight that the protective effect of the HHC haplotype in Caucasians might be explained by higher density of CCR5 expression on NK cells that is not evident in HHC+ SAA individuals. Findings raise the question as to the role of CCR5-expressing cells other than CD4+ T cells in protection from HIV-1 acquisition and disease progression.
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