ArticleCancer biology & therapy2012
Cancer cell spheroids as a model to evaluate chemotherapy protocols.
Article in Cancer biology & therapy, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 75 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
75 citing papers in PubMed, 160 citations in OpenAlex.
- Peptide-Based Nanocomplexes Enable Transferrin-Mediated Uptake and p53-Driven Antitumor Activity in 2D and 3D Glioblastoma Models.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- The Size of Glioblastoma Spheroids Influences Patterns of Invasion and Temozolomide Efficacy.Tissue engineering. Part C, Methods · 2026Article
- 3D In Vitro Models of Breast Cancer: Current Challenges and Future Prospects Toward Recapitulating the Microenvironment and Mimicking Key Processes.Advanced biology · 2025Review
- A modular and reconfigurable microfluidic device for culturing spheroids under continuous perfusion.APL bioengineering · 2025Article
- Size-dependent invasion and therapeutic phenotype of 42MGBA glioblastoma spheroids.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Three-Dimensional Culture System: A New Frontier in Cancer Research, Drug Discovery, and Stem Cell-Based Therapy.Biology · 2025Review
- Numerical modeling of oxygen diffusion in tissue spheroids undergoing fusion using function representation and finite volumes.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Construction and application of pancreatic exocrine organoid and spheroid for drug screening and precision medicine.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025Review
- New frontiers in anti-cancer drug testing: The need for a relevant In vitro testing model.NAM journal · 2025Review
- Establishment and characterization of a novel patient-derived cell line from conventional central grade 3 chondrosarcoma, NCC-CS1-C1.Human cell · 2024Article
- Establishment and characterization of NCC-GCTB14-C1 and NCC-GCTB15-C1: two novel patient-derived cell lines of giant cell tumor of bone.Human cell · 2024Article
- Controlling cellular packing and hypoxia in 3D tumor spheroidsBiomaterials science · 2024Article
- A high-throughput microfabricated platform for rapid quantification of metastatic potential.Science advances · 2024Article
- A ComprehensiveJournal of medicinal chemistry · 2024Article
- Fabrication and Evaluation of PCL/PLGA/β-TCP Spiral-Structured Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Deep learning unlocks label-free viability assessment of cancer spheroids in microfluidics.Lab on a chip · 2024Article
- Elastocapillary effects determine early matrix deformation by glioblastoma cell spheroids.APL bioengineering · 2024Article
- Integrin-linked kinase-frizzled 7 interaction maintains cancer stem cells to drive platinum resistance in ovarian cancer.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2024Article
- Microsphere-Enabled Modular Formation of Miniaturized In Vitro Breast Cancer Models.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2024Article
- Polysialic acid-functionalized liposomes for efficient honokiol delivery to inhibit breast cancer growth and metastasis.Drug delivery · 2023Article
15 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
To determine whether the spheroid culture can be used to evaluate drug efficacy, we have evaluated the toxicity of free or carrier-associated doxorubicin as a single drug or in combination with other antineoplastic agents using the spheroid cultures of drug-resistant cancer cells. Paclitaxel, cisplatin, dexamethasone, mitoxantrone, sclareol or methotrexate were used in combination with doxorubicin. The effect of the treatment protocols on free, micellar and liposomal doxorubicin accumulation in spheroids and on resulting toxicity was evaluated by fluorescence and lactate dehydrogenase release, respectively. Enhanced doxorubicin accumulation and toxicity were observed after spheroid pretreatment with mitoxantrone or paclitaxel. Effects of the drug combination with doxorubicin were sequence dependent, use of doxorubicin as the first drug being the least inducer of toxicity. Finally, spheroids were recognized by a cancer cell-specific antibody. Our results suggest the usefulness of spheroids to evaluate chemotherapy combinations.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.