ArticleDiabetes care2012
Universal drug coverage and socioeconomic disparities in major diabetes outcomes.
Article in Diabetes care, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Material need support interventions for diabetes prevention and control: a systematic review.Current diabetes reports · 2015Pooled it
- Genetic Tools for Coronary Risk Assessment in Type 2 Diabetes: A Cohort Study From the ACCORD Clinical Trial.Diabetes care · 2018Trial
- Socio-demographic determinants and effect of structured personal diabetes care: a 19-year follow-up of the randomized controlled study diabetes Care in General Practice (DCGP).BMC endocrine disorders · 2017Trial
- Medical Expenditure Differences Between Income Levels Among US Adults With Diabetes.Preventing chronic disease · 2025Article
- Prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of prediabetes and diabetes mellitus in older adults: findings from Iranian STEPS surveys (2016 and 2021).BMC public health · 2025Article
- Impact of Social Vulnerability on Diabetes-Related Cardiovascular Mortality in the United States.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2023Article
- Team-Based Diabetes Care in Ontario and Hong Kong: a Comparative Review.Current diabetes reports · 2023Review
- Precariousness, Diabetes Control and Complications in French Guiana.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Article
- Role of community pharmacists in medication management during COVID-19 lockdown.Pathogens and global health · 2021Article
- Article
- Prescription drug claims following a traumatic spinal cord injury for older adults: a retrospective population-based study in Ontario, Canada.Spinal cord · 2018Article
- Aligning innovations in health funding with innovations in care.CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne · 2018Article
- Neighborhood Environments and Diabetes Risk and Control.Current diabetes reports · 2018Review
- Disparities in pharmacotherapy for alcohol use disorder in the context of universal health care: a Swedish register study.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2017Article
- The role and impact of cost-sharing mechanisms for prescription drug coverage.CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne · 2017Article
- Social disparities in diabetes care: a general population study in Denmark.Scandinavian journal of primary health care · 2017Article
- Estimated effects of adding universal public coverage of an essential medicines list to existing public drug plans in Canada.CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne · 2017Article
- Universal prescription drug coverage in Canada: Long-promised yet undelivered.Healthcare management forum · 2016Review
- Insurance-related disparities in primary care quality among U.S. Type 2 diabetes patients.International journal for equity in health · 2016Article
- A Better Prescription: Advice for a National Strategy on Pharmaceutical Policy in Canada.Healthcare policy = Politiques de sante · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveDue in large part to effective pharmacotherapy, mortality rates have fallen substantially among those with diabetes; however, trends have been less favorable among those of lower socioeconomic status (SES), leading to a widening gap in mortality between rich and poor. We examined whether income disparities in diabetes-related morbidity or mortality decline after age 65 in a setting where much of health care is publicly funded yet universal drug coverage starts only at age 65. RESEARCH DESIGN AND
methodsWe conducted a population-based retrospective cohort study using administrative health claims from Ontario, Canada. Adults with diabetes (N = 606,051) were followed from 1 April 2002 to 31 March 2008 for a composite outcome of death, nonfatal acute myocardial infarction (AMI), and nonfatal stroke. SES was based on neighborhood median household income levels from the 2001 Canadian Census.
resultsSES was a strong predictor of death, nonfatal AMI, or nonfatal stroke among those <65 years of age (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 1.51 [95% CI 1.45-1.56]) and exerted a lesser effect among those ≥65 years of age (1.12 [1.09-1.14]; P < 0.0001 for interaction), after adjusting for age, sex, baseline cardiovascular disease (CVD), diabetes duration, comorbidity, and health care utilization. SES gradients were consistent for all groups <65 years of age. Similar findings were noted for 1-year post-AMI mortality (<65 years of age, 1.33 [1.09-1.63]; ≥65 years of age, 1.09 [1.01-1.18]).
conclusionsObserved SES differences in CVD burden diminish substantially after age 65 in our population with diabetes, which may be related to universal access to prescription drugs among seniors.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.