SynthesisDiabetologia2012
Sedentary time in adults and the association with diabetes, cardiovascular disease and death: systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Diabetologia, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. It is linked to 7 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 756 papers, 20 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
What is the Metabolic Cost of Sitting, Standing, and Sit/Stand Transitions? A Randomized Controlled Trial
Cognition in Motion: Attitudes, Utilization, and Cognitive Impact of Low Intensity Exercise Among Medical Students
Effects of Installing Height-adjustable Workstations on Occupational Sitting Time and Workplace Productivity in Desk-based Workers
Testing the Efficacy of the ENCOURAGE App in Decreasing Sedentary Behaviour: A Time Series Quasi-Experimental Study
Levels of Daily Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviour in Maastricht University's Undergraduate First Year Students
Usability and Feasibility Trial of an Exergame-based Occupational Health Intervention at Two Swiss Workforce Companies
Body Electric: a Pragmatic Trial Evaluating Movement Breaks As a Public Health Strategy to Mitigate the Harms of Prolonged Sedentary Behavior
Who cites it
756 citing papers in PubMed, 20 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 1,793 citations in OpenAlex.
- Evaluating the methods used to examine sitting breaks and their influence on mental load, physical strain, and cognitive performance - a scoping review.Frontiers in physiology · 2026Pooled it
- Effects of short-bout accumulated physical activity and sedentary-break interventions on continuous glucose monitoring metrics in adults with type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Pooled it
- Effectiveness of moderate-to-low intensity exercise snacks on glucose and lipid metabolism in sedentary adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in physiology · 2026Pooled it
- Acute effects of "exercise snacks" on postprandial glucose and insulin responses in populations at metabolic risk: a meta-analysis with exploratory meta-regression and vascular outcomes.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Pooled it
- Effect of Nordic Walking on Anthropometrics, Glycemia, and Lipid Profile in Adults With Prediabetes or Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Journal of diabetes research · 2026Pooled it
- Outpatient Follow-Up and 30-Day Readmissions: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.JAMA network open · 2025Pooled it
- Targeting Modifiable Risks: Molecular Mechanisms and Population Burden of Lifestyle Factors on Male Genitourinary Health.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Pooled it
- Sedentary behavior during pregnancy and risk of pre-eclampsia and/or gestational hypertension: A systematic review.International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics · 2025Pooled it
- Effectiveness of Digital Health Interventions on Sedentary Behavior Among Patients With Chronic Diseases: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.JMIR mHealth and uHealth · 2025Pooled it
- Associations Between Exercise Training, Physical Activity, Sedentary Behaviour and Mortality: An Umbrella Review of Meta-Analyses.Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle · 2025Pooled it
- Effectiveness of Physical Activity Interventions on Acute Inpatient Mental Health Units on Health Outcomes: A Systematic Review.International journal of mental health nursing · 2025Pooled it
- Impact of occupational sedentary behavior on mental health: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2025Pooled it
- Impact of Sedentary Behaviors on Blood Pressure and Cardiovascular Disease: An Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2024Pooled it
- Influencing factors of sedentary behaviour in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a systematic review.BMJ open respiratory research · 2024Pooled it
- Global COVID-19 vaccine acceptance level and its determinants: an umbrella review.BMC public health · 2024Pooled it
- The Use of Wearable Devices to Measure Sedentary Behavior during COVID-19: Systematic Review and Future Recommendations.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Pooled it
- Objectively measuring the association between the built environment and physical activity: a systematic review and reporting framework.The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2022Pooled it
- Lipid Variability and Risk of Cardiovascular Diseases and All-Cause Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Cohort Studies.Nutrients · 2022Pooled it
- Sedentary time and its association with risk of cardiovascular diseases in adults: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.BMC public health · 2022Pooled it
- Pooled it
696 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
aims/hypothesisSedentary (sitting) behaviours are ubiquitous in modern society. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to examine the association of sedentary time with diabetes, cardiovascular disease and cardiovascular and all-cause mortality.
methodsMedline, Embase and the Cochrane Library databases were searched for terms related to sedentary time and health outcomes. Cross-sectional and prospective studies were included. RR/HR and 95% CIs were extracted by two independent reviewers. Data were adjusted for baseline event rate and pooled using a random-effects model. Bayesian predictive effects and intervals were calculated to indicate the variance in outcomes that would be expected if new studies were conducted in the future.
resultsEighteen studies (16 prospective, two cross-sectional) were included, with 794,577 participants. Fifteen of these studies were moderate to high quality. The greatest sedentary time compared with the lowest was associated with a 112% increase in the RR of diabetes (RR 2.12; 95% credible interval [CrI] 1.61, 2.78), a 147% increase in the RR of cardiovascular events (RR 2.47; 95% CI 1.44, 4.24), a 90% increase in the risk of cardiovascular mortality (HR 1.90; 95% CrI 1.36, 2.66) and a 49% increase in the risk of all-cause mortality (HR 1.49; 95% CrI 1.14, 2.03). The predictive effects and intervals were only significant for diabetes. CONCLUSIONS/
interpretationSedentary time is associated with an increased risk of diabetes, cardiovascular disease and cardiovascular and all-cause mortality; the strength of the association is most consistent for diabetes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.