ReviewImmunological reviews2012
The outliers become a stampede as immunometabolism reaches a tipping point.
Review in Immunological reviews, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03260452 (Comparison of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Activity in Adipose Tissue From Type 2 Diabetic Patients and Healthy Volunteers), which is not on this map. Cited by 31 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Comparison of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Activity in Adipose Tissue From Type 2 Diabetic Patients and Healthy Volunteers: Proof of Concept Study. White Adipose Tissue and Type 2 Diabetes Onset: WAT2DO
Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 54 citations in OpenAlex.
- The science of fatty acids and inflammation.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2015Pooled it
- Meal rich in carbohydrate, but not protein or fat, reveals adverse immunometabolic responses associated with obesity.Nutrition journal · 2016Trial
- B cells promote inflammation in obesity and type 2 diabetes through regulation of T-cell function and an inflammatory cytokine profile.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2013Trial
- Thyroid Stimulating Hormone May Facilitates Adipose Tissue Insulin Resistance by Inducing M1 Macrophage Polarization.Journal of inflammation research · 2025Article
- T-cell Metabolism as Interpreted in Obesity-associated Inflammation.Endocrinology · 2022Article
- Translating MSC Therapy in the Age of Obesity.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Identification of Potential Biomarkers of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus-Related Immune Infiltration Using Weighted Gene Coexpression Network Analysis.BioMed research international · 2022Article
- Mediterranean Diet for the Prevention of Gestational Diabetes in the Covid-19 Era: Implications of Il-6 In Diabesity.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Gene expression of the immunoinflammatory and immunological status of obese dogs before and after weight loss.PloS one · 2020Article
- A proinflammatory CD4Diabetologia · 2018Article
- Inflammation and insulin resistance: New targets encourage new thinking: Galectin-3 and LTBBioEssays : news and reviews in molecular, cellular and developmental biology · 2017Review
- Macrophage functions in lean and obese adipose tissue.Metabolism: clinical and experimental · 2017Review
- BET bromodomain proteins and epigenetic regulation of inflammation: implications for type 2 diabetes and breast cancer.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2017Review
- The impact of bariatric surgery on inflammation: quenching the fire of obesity?Current opinion in endocrinology, diabetes, and obesity · 2016Review
- Profiling leucocyte subsets in tuberculosis-diabetes co-morbidity.Immunology · 2015Observational
- Human monocyte-derived dendritic cells turn into foamy dendritic cells with IL-17A.Journal of lipid research · 2015Article
- Lymphocyte roles in metabolic dysfunction: of men and mice.Trends in endocrinology and metabolism: TEM · 2015Review
- Article
- Metabolic health reduces risk of obesity-related cancer in framingham study adults.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2014Article
- Immune regulators of inflammation in obesity-associated type 2 diabetes and coronary artery disease.Current opinion in endocrinology, diabetes, and obesity · 2014Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Obesity and Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) are characterized by pro-inflammatory alterations in the immune system including shifts in leukocyte subset differentiation and in cytokine/chemokine balance. The chronic, low-grade inflammation resulting largely from changes in T-cell, B-cell, and myeloid compartments promotes and/or exacerbates insulin resistance (IR) that, together with pancreatic islet failure, defines T2D. Animal model studies show that interruption of immune cell-mediated inflammation by any one of several methods almost invariably results in the prevention or delay of obesity and/or IR. However, anti-inflammatory therapies have had a modest impact on established T2D in clinical trials. These seemingly contradictory results indicate that a more comprehensive understanding of human IR/T2D-associated immune cell function is needed to leverage animal studies into clinical treatments. Important outstanding analyses include identifying potential immunological checkpoints in disease etiology, detailing immune cell/adipose tissue cross-talk, and defining strengths/weaknesses of model organism studies to determine whether we can harness the promising new field of immunometabolism to curb the global obesity and T2D epidemics.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.