SynthesisNature genetics2012
Large-scale association analyses identify new loci influencing glycemic traits and provide insight into the underlying biological pathways.
Open access · bronzeAbstract readMeta-Analysis
In one paragraph
Synthesis in Nature genetics, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 551 papers, 19 of them syntheses that pooled it.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
551citing papers in PubMed, 19 pooled it
43.0field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
551 citing papers in PubMed, 19 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 855 citations in OpenAlex.
- Evaluating the Bidirectional Causal Effects of Alzheimer's Disease Across Multiple Conditions: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Mendelian Randomization Studies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Pooled it
- Associations Between TCF7L2, PPARγ, and KCNJ11 Genotypes and Insulin Response to an Oral Glucose Tolerance Test: A Systematic Review.Molecular nutrition & food research · 2025Pooled it
- Causality between diabetes and membranous nephropathy: Mendelian randomization.Clinical and experimental nephrology · 2025Pooled it
- GWAS of random glucose in 476,326 individuals provide insights into diabetes pathophysiology, complications and treatment stratification.Nature genetics · 2023Pooled it
- Triangulating evidence for the causal impact of single-intervention zinc supplement on glycaemic control for type 2 diabetes: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trial and two-sample Mendelian randomisation.The British journal of nutrition · 2023Pooled it
- Multi-ancestry genome-wide association study of gestational diabetes mellitus highlights genetic links with type 2 diabetes.Human molecular genetics · 2022Pooled it
- Identifying molecular mediators of the relationship between body mass index and endometrial cancer risk: a Mendelian randomization analysis.BMC medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Multi-ethnic GWAS and fine-mapping of glycaemic traits identify novel loci in the PAGE Study.Diabetologia · 2022Pooled it
- Association between type 2 diabetes and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.Scientific reports · 2022Pooled it
- Evidence for a causal association between milk intake and cardiometabolic disease outcomes using a two-sample Mendelian Randomization analysis in up to 1,904,220 individuals.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2021Pooled it
- Impact of high glucose levels and glucose lowering on risk of ischaemic stroke: a Mendelian randomisation study and meta-analysis.Diabetologia · 2021Pooled it
- Multi-omics analysis identifies CpGs near G6PC2 mediating the effects of genetic variants on fasting glucose.Diabetologia · 2021Pooled it
- Sex-dimorphic genetic effects and novel loci for fasting glucose and insulin variability.Nature communications · 2021Pooled it
- Genetic Studies of Gestational Diabetes and Glucose Metabolism in Pregnancy.Current diabetes reports · 2020Pooled it
- Meta-analysis investigating the role of interleukin-6 mediated inflammation in type 2 diabetes.EBioMedicine · 2020Pooled it
- An investigation of causal relationships between prediabetes and vascular complications.Nature communications · 2020Pooled it
- Impact of glucose on risk of dementia: Mendelian randomisation studies in 115,875 individuals.Diabetologia · 2020Pooled it
- Causal associations of insulin resistance with coronary artery disease and ischemic stroke: a Mendelian randomization analysis.BMJ open diabetes research & care · 2020Pooled it
- Genome-wide meta-analysis associates GPSM1 with type 2 diabetes, a plausible gene involved in skeletal muscle function.Journal of human genetics · 2020Pooled it
- Genetic variants for prediction of gestational diabetes mellitus and modulation of susceptibility by a nutritional intervention based on a Mediterranean diet.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Trial
491 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
215 authors at 20 institutions in 14 countries.
Robert A ScottMedical Research Council Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK.
Vasiliki Lagou
Ryan P Welch
Eleanor Wheeler
May E Montasser
Jian'an Luan
Reedik Mägi
Rona J Strawbridge
Emil Rehnberg
Stefan Gustafsson
Stavroula Kanoni
Laura J Rasmussen-Torvik
Loïc Yengo
Cecile Lecoeur
Dmitry Shungin
Serena Sanna
Carlo Sidore
Paul C D Johnson
J Wouter Jukema
Toby Johnson
Anubha Mahajan
Niek Verweij
Gudmar Thorleifsson
Jouke-Jan Hottenga
Sonia Shah
Albert V Smith
Bengt Sennblad
Christian Gieger
Perttu Salo
Markus Perola
Nicholas J Timpson
David M Evans
Beate St Pourcain
Ying Wu
Jeanette S Andrews
Jennie Hui
Lawrence F Bielak
Wei Zhao
Momoko Horikoshi
Pau Navarro
Aaron Isaacs
Jeffrey R O'Connell
Kathleen Stirrups
Veronique Vitart
Caroline Hayward
Tõnu Esko
Evelin Mihailov
Ross M Fraser
Tove Fall
Benjamin F Voight
Soumya Raychaudhuri
Han Chen
Cecilia M Lindgren
Andrew P Morris
Nigel W Rayner
Neil Robertson
Denis Rybin
Ching-Ti Liu
Jacques S Beckmann
Sara M Willems
Peter S Chines
Anne U Jackson
Hyun Min Kang
Heather M Stringham
Kijoung Song
Toshiko Tanaka
John F Peden
Anuj Goel
Andrew A Hicks
Ping An
Martina Müller-Nurasyid
Anders Franco-Cereceda
Lasse Folkersen
Letizia Marullo
Hanneke Jansen
Albertine J Oldehinkel
Marcel Bruinenberg
James S Pankow
Kari E North
Nita G Forouhi
Ruth J F Loos
Sarah Edkins
Tibor V Varga
Göran Hallmans
Heikki Oksa
Mulas Antonella
Ramaiah Nagaraja
Stella Trompet
Ian Ford
Stephan J L Bakker
Augustine Kong
Meena Kumari
Bruna Gigante
Christian Herder
Patricia B Munroe
Mark Caulfield
Jula Antti
Massimo Mangino
Kerrin Small
Iva Miljkovic
Yongmei Liu
Mustafa Atalay
Wieland Kiess
Alan L James
Fernando Rivadeneira
Andre G Uitterlinden
Colin N A Palmer
Alex S F Doney
Gonneke Willemsen
Johannes H Smit
Susan Campbell
Ozren Polasek
Lori L Bonnycastle
Serge Hercberg
Maria Dimitriou
Jennifer L Bolton
Gerard R Fowkes
Peter Kovacs
Jaana Lindström
Tatijana Zemunik
Stefania Bandinelli
Sarah H Wild
Hanneke V Basart
Wolfgang Rathmann
Harald Grallert
DIAbetes Genetics Replication and Meta-analysis (DIAGRAM) Consortium
Winfried Maerz
Marcus E Kleber
Bernhard O Boehm
Annette Peters
Peter P Pramstaller
Michael A Province
Ingrid B Borecki
Nicholas D Hastie
Igor Rudan
Harry Campbell
Hugh Watkins
Martin Farrall
Michael Stumvoll
Luigi Ferrucci
Dawn M Waterworth
Richard N Bergman
Francis S Collins
Jaakko Tuomilehto
Richard M Watanabe
Eco J C de Geus
Brenda W Penninx
Albert Hofman
Ben A Oostra
Bruce M Psaty
Peter Vollenweider
James F Wilson
Alan F Wright
G Kees Hovingh
Andres Metspalu
Matti Uusitupa
Patrik K E Magnusson
Kirsten O Kyvik
Jaakko Kaprio
Jackie F Price
George V Dedoussis
Panos Deloukas
Pierre Meneton
Lars Lind
Michael Boehnke
Alan R Shuldiner
Cornelia M van Duijn
Andrew D Morris
Anke Toenjes
Patricia A Peyser
John P Beilby
Antje Körner
Johanna Kuusisto
Markku Laakso
Stefan R Bornstein
Peter E H Schwarz
Timo A Lakka
Rainer Rauramaa
Linda S Adair
George Davey Smith
Tim D Spector
Thomas Illig
Ulf de Faire
Anders Hamsten
Vilmundur Gudnason
Mika Kivimaki
Aroon Hingorani
Sirkka M Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi
Timo E Saaristo
Dorret I Boomsma
Kari Stefansson
Pim van der Harst
Josée Dupuis
Nancy L Pedersen
Naveed Sattar
Tamara B Harris
Francesco Cucca
Samuli Ripatti
Veikko Salomaa
Karen L Mohlke
Beverley Balkau
Philippe Froguel
Anneli Pouta
Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin
Nicholas J Wareham
Nabila Bouatia-Naji
Mark I McCarthy
Paul W Franks
James B Meigs
Tanya M Teslovich
Jose C Florez
Claudia Langenberg
Erik Ingelsson
Inga Prokopenko
Inês Barroso
Karolinska Institutet · SEUniversity of Edinburgh · GBUniversity of Michigan–Ann Arbor · USUniversity of Oxford · GBFinnish Institute for Health and Welfare · FIHelmholtz Zentrum München · DEUniversity College London · GBUniversity Medical Center Groningen · NLUniversity of Eastern Finland · FIWellcome Sanger Institute · GBBoston University · USCentre for Medical Systems Biology · NLEMGO Institute for Health and Care Research · NLIFB Adiposity Diseases · DEMedical Research Council · GBNational Institute on Aging · USUniversity of Bristol · GBUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel Hill · USUniversity of Tartu · EECentre for Human Genetics · GB
Funding
NIMH Center Repository Supporting Stem Cell ResearchU24MH068457 · NIMH · RUTGERS THE ST UNIV OF NJ NEW BRUNSWICK · PI BRZUSTOWICZ, LINDA M, KNOWLES, JAMES A · 2003 to 2024
$213.8MInstitute for Clinical and Translational Research (UL1)UL1RR025005 · NCRR · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI FORD, DANIEL ERNEST · 2007 to 2011
$75.8MZONA-FREE HAMSTER OVA ASSAY AS AN INDICATOR OF MALE FERTILITYM01RR000425 · NCRR · LUNDQUIST INSTITUTE FOR BIOMEDICAL INNOVATION AT HARBOR-UCLA MEDICAL CENTER · PI ANDERSON, GAIL V · 1985 to 2011
$74.2MTransgenic & Knock-out MouseP30DK063491 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI Andrea L Hevener · 2003 to 2026
$40.4MGenetic analysis of type II diabetes in Finnish populationZIAHG000024 · NHGRI · NATIONAL HUMAN GENOME RESEARCH INSTITUTE · PI ERDOS, MICHAEL · 2009 to 2025
$38.2MUNC-CH CENTER FOR ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH &SUSCEPTIBILITYP30ES010126 · NIEHS · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI Stephanie Engel · 2001 to 2026
$36.3MSouthern California Clinical and Translational Science InstituteUL1TR000130 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI BUCHANAN, THOMAS A · 2012 to 2015
$36.0MUNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CLINICAL NUTRITION RESEARCH UNITP30DK056350 · NIDDK · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI Ian Michael Carroll · 1999 to 2026
$31.6MRegional Pilot And Feasibility Study Grants ProgramP30DK020572 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI Scott Soleimanpour · 2013 to 2026
$24.3MGenome-Wide Association Analysis in Essential Hypertension (FEHGAS study)R01HL086694 · NHLBI · NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE · PI ARAVINDA CHAKRAVARTI · 2007 to 2026
$21.2MZonulin Antibodies in Intestinal Permeabilitiy in IDDMM01RR016500 · NCRR · UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE · PI ONUKWUGHA, EBERECHUKWU · 2002 to 2009
$20.2MResearch BaseP30DK072488 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE · PI MITCHELL, BRAXTON D, TAYLOR, SIMEON I. · 2005 to 2019
$17.3MAHRQ HHS HS06516Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council G20234British Heart Foundation PG/07/133/24260British Heart Foundation RG/07/008/23674Chief Scientist Office CZB/4/672Chief Scientist Office CZB/4/710Department of HealthFIC NIH HHS R01 TW005596FIC NIH HHS TW05596Intramural NIH HHS Z01 HG000024Medical Research Council 74882Medical Research Council 85374Medical Research Council G0100222Medical Research Council G0401527Medical Research Council G0500539Medical Research Council G0600705Medical Research Council G0600717Medical Research Council G0701863Medical Research Council G0800582Medical Research Council G0902037Medical Research Council G1000143Medical Research Council G1002084Medical Research Council G19/35Medical Research Council G8802774Medical Research Council G9521010Medical Research Council MC_PC_U127561128Medical Research Council MC_PC_U127592696Medical Research Council MC_U106179471Medical Research Council MC_U127561128Medical Research Council MC_U127592696Medical Research Council MC_UP_A100_1003Medical Research Council U.1061.00.001 (79471)NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR000130NCRR NIH HHS M01 RR000425NCRR NIH HHS M01-RR00425NCRR NIH HHS M01 RR016500NCRR NIH HHS M01 RR 16500NCRR NIH HHS P20 RR020649NCRR NIH HHS RR20649NCRR NIH HHS UL1 RR025005NCRR NIH HHS UL1RR025005NHGRI NIH HHS HHSN268200782096CNHGRI NIH HHS N01 HG065403NHGRI NIH HHS T32 HG000040NHGRI NIH HHS U01 HG004402NHGRI NIH HHS U01HG004402NHLBI NIH HHS 5R01HL087679-02NHLBI NIH HHS HL075366NHLBI NIH HHS HL080295NHLBI NIH HHS HL085144NHLBI NIH HHS HL087652NHLBI NIH HHS HL087660NHLBI NIH HHS HL100245NHLBI NIH HHS HL105756NHLBI NIH HHS N01 HC015103NHLBI NIH HHS N01 HC025195NHLBI NIH HHS N01 HC035129NHLBI NIH HHS N01 HC045133NHLBI NIH HHS N01 HC055015NHLBI NIH HHS N01 HC055016NHLBI NIH HHS N01 HC055018NHLBI NIH HHS N01 HC055019NHLBI NIH HHS N01 HC055020NHLBI NIH HHS N01 HC055021NHLBI NIH HHS N01 HC055022NHLBI NIH HHS N01 HC055222NHLBI NIH HHS N01 HC075150NHLBI NIH HHS N01 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090532Wellcome Trust 092731Wellcome Trust 098017Wellcome Trust 098051Wellcome Trust GR069224
Abstract
Through genome-wide association meta-analyses of up to 133,010 individuals of European ancestry without diabetes, including individuals newly genotyped using the Metabochip, we have increased the number of confirmed loci influencing glycemic traits to 53, of which 33 also increase type 2 diabetes risk (q < 0.05). Loci influencing fasting insulin concentration showed association with lipid levels and fat distribution, suggesting impact on insulin resistance. Gene-based analyses identified further biologically plausible loci, suggesting that additional loci beyond those reaching genome-wide significance are likely to represent real associations. This conclusion is supported by an excess of directionally consistent and nominally significant signals between discovery and follow-up studies. Functional analysis of these newly discovered loci will further improve our understanding of glycemic control.
Indexed as
Quantitative Trait LociAdultAnimalsBlood GlucoseFastingFemaleGene FrequencyGenome-Wide Association StudyHumansInsulinMaleMetabolic Networks and PathwaysMiceOsmolar ConcentrationBlood GlucoseInsulin
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