ArticleJournal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society2012
PolyMorphine: an innovative biodegradable polymer drug for extended pain relief.
Article in Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- Polymer-Gated Bilayer Buccoadhesive Tablets for Biphasic Release of Indomethacin: Balancing Dissolution and Mucoadhesion.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Prodrug approaches for the development of a long-acting drug delivery systems.Advanced drug delivery reviews · 2023Review
- Covalent Poly(lactic acid) Nanoparticles for the Sustained Delivery of Naloxone.ACS applied bio materials · 2019Article
- Biomedical Applications of Nanotechnology and Nanomaterials.Micromachines · 2017Article
- Anticancer nanoparticulate polymer-drug conjugate.Bioengineering & translational medicine · 2016Review
- One-component nanomedicine.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2015Review
- Polyactives: controlled and sustained bioactive release via hydrolytic degradation.Biomaterials science · 2015Article
- Ring-opening polymerization of prodrugs: a versatile approach to prepare well-defined drug-loaded nanoparticles.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2015Article
- Poly(anhydride-esters) comprised exclusively of naturally occurring antimicrobials and EDTA: antioxidant and antibacterial activities.Biomacromolecules · 2014Article
- PolyMorphine provides extended analgesic-like effects in mice with spared nerve injury.Molecular painArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Morphine, a potent narcotic analgesic used for the treatment of acute and chronic pain, was chemically incorporated into a poly(anhydride-ester) backbone. The polymer termed "PolyMorphine", was designed to degrade hydrolytically releasing morphine in a controlled manner to ultimately provide analgesia for an extended time period. PolyMorphine was synthesized via melt-condensation polymerization and its structure was characterized using proton and carbon nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopies, and infrared spectroscopy. The weight-average molecular weight and the thermal properties were determined. The hydrolytic degradation pathway of the polymer was determined by in vitro studies, showing that free morphine is released. In vitro cytocompatibility studies demonstrated that PolyMorphine is non-cytotoxic towards fibroblasts. In vivo studies using mice showed that PolyMorphine provides analgesia for 3 days, 20 times the analgesic window of free morphine. The animals retained full responsiveness to morphine after being subjected to an acute morphine challenge.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.