Evidence map›Paper›PMID 22864416›Full record

ArticleNature2012

The prokaryote messenger c-di-GMP triggers stalk cell differentiation in Dictyostelium.

Zhi-hui Chen, Pauline Schaap

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 65 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
65citing papers in PubMed
6.3field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

65 citing papers in PubMed, 127 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Effect of Retinal on Dictyostelium Cells During Development.Genes to cells : devoted to molecular & cellular mechanisms · 2025
    Article
  4. Review
  5. Review
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Visualization of c-di-GMP in multicellularFrontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2023
    Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Review
  20. From environmental sensing to developmental control: cognitive evolution in dictyostelid social amoebas.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2021
    Article

5 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Zhi-hui ChenCollege of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD15EH, UK.
Pauline Schaap
University of Dundee · GB

Funding

Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council BB/E016308/1Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council BB/G020426Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council BB/G020426/1Wellcome Trust 090276
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cyclic di-(3′:5′)-guanosine monophosphate (c-di-GMP) is a major prokaryote signalling intermediate that is synthesized by diguanylate cyclases and triggers sessility and biofilm formation. We detected the first eukaryote diguanylate cyclases in all major groups of Dictyostelia. On food depletion, Dictyostelium discoideum amoebas collect into aggregates, which first transform into migrating slugs and then into sessile fruiting structures. These structures consist of a spherical spore mass that is supported by a column of stalk cells and a basal disk. A polyketide, DIF-1, which induces stalk-like cells in vitro, was isolated earlier. However, its role in vivo proved recently to be restricted to basal disk formation. Here we show that the Dictyostelium diguanylate cyclase, DgcA, produces c-di-GMP as the morphogen responsible for stalk cell differentiation. Dictyostelium discoideum DgcA synthesized c-di-GMP in a GTP-dependent manner and was expressed at the slug tip, which is the site of stalk cell differentiation. Disruption of the DgcA gene blocked the transition from slug migration to fructification and the expression of stalk genes. Fructification and stalk formation were restored by exposing DgcA-null slugs to wild-type secretion products or to c-di-GMP. Moreover, c-di-GMP, but not cyclic di-(3′:5′)-adenosine monophosphate, induced stalk gene expression in dilute cell monolayers. Apart from identifying the long-elusive stalk-inducing morphogen, our work also identifies a role for c-di-GMP in eukaryotes.

Indexed as

Cell DifferentiationSecond Messenger SystemsBiological AssayCyclic GMPDictyosteliumFruiting Bodies, FungalGuanosine TriphosphateMolecular Sequence DataProkaryotic CellsProtozoan ProteinsRNA, Messengerbis(3',5')-cyclic diguanylic acidCyclic GMPGuanosine TriphosphateProtozoan ProteinsRNA, Messenger

Identifiers

PMID22864416
PMCPMC3939355
OpenAlexW2086497778

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.