Evidence map›Paper›PMID 22862949›Full record

ArticleCell stem cell2012

Small molecule-mediated TGF-β type II receptor degradation promotes cardiomyogenesis in embryonic stem cells.

Erik Willems, Joaquim Cabral-Teixeira, Dennis Schade, Wenqing Cai, Patrick Reeves, Paul J Bushway, Marion Lanier, Christopher Walsh, Tomas Kirchhausen, Juan Carlos Izpisua Belmonte and 2 more

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cell stem cell, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 74 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
74citing papers in PubMed
6.6field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

74 citing papers in PubMed, 138 citations in OpenAlex.

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  7. Osteocytes Produces RANKL Via Wnt-TGFβ Signaling Axis for Osteoclastogenesis.International journal of biological sciences · 2025
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14 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.

Erik WillemsMuscle Development and Regeneration Program, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. ewillems@sanfordburnham.org
Joaquim Cabral-Teixeira
Dennis Schade
Wenqing Cai
Patrick Reeves
Paul J Bushway
Marion Lanier
Christopher Walsh
Tomas Kirchhausen
Juan Carlos Izpisua Belmonte
John Cashman
Mark Mercola
Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute · USChemRegen (United States) · USHarvard University · USSalk Institute for Biological Studies · US

Funding

Dynamics of Clathrin Coat Formation in CellsR01GM075252 · NIGMS · IMMUNE DISEASE INSTITUTE, INC. · PI KIRCHHAUSEN, TOMAS · 2005 to 2018
$4.6M
Molecular Biology of Heart InductionR37HL059502 · NHLBI · SANFORD BURNHAM PREBYS MEDICAL DISCOVERY INSTITUTE · PI MERCOLA, MARK · 2007 to 2011
$1.6M
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF HEART INDUCTIONR01HL059502 · NHLBI · HARVARD UNIVERSITY (MEDICAL SCHOOL) · PI MERCOLA, MARK · 1997 to 2005
$1.4M
Reconstruction and Modeling of Networks Involved in Cardiomyocyte DifferentiationR33HL088293 · NHLBI · SALK INSTITUTE FOR BIOLOGICAL STUDIES · PI IZPISUA BELMONTE, JUAN CARLOS · 2007 to 2009
$1.0M
Small Molecule Toolbox: Cardiomyocytes from Human Stem CellsR41HL108714 · NHLBI · CHEMREGEN INC · PI CASHMAN, JOHN R, HEBERT, NORMAND · 2011 to 2011
$172k
NHLBI NIH HHS HL059502NHLBI NIH HHS HL088293NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL059502NHLBI NIH HHS R33 HL088293NHLBI NIH HHS R37 HL059502NHLBI NIH HHS R41 HL108714NHLBI NIH HHS R41-HL108714NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM075252
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The cellular signals controlling the formation of cardiomyocytes, vascular smooth muscle, and endothelial cells from stem cell-derived mesoderm are poorly understood. To identify these signals, a mouse embryonic stem cell (ESC)-based differentiation assay was screened against a small molecule library resulting in a 1,4-dihydropyridine inducer of type II TGF-β receptor (TGFBR2) degradation-1 (ITD-1). ITD analogs enhanced proteasomal degradation of TGFBR2, effectively clearing the receptor from the cell surface and selectively inhibiting intracellular signaling (IC(50) ~0.4-0.8 μM). ITD-1 was used to evaluate TGF-β involvement in mesoderm formation and cardiopoietic differentiation, which occur sequentially during early development, revealing an essential role in both processes in ESC cultures. ITD-1 selectively enhanced the differentiation of uncommitted mesoderm to cardiomyocytes, but not to vascular smooth muscle and endothelial cells. ITD-1 is a highly selective TGF-β inhibitor and reveals an unexpected role for TGF-β signaling in controlling cardiomyocyte differentiation from multipotent cardiovascular precursors.

Indexed as

AnimalsCell DifferentiationCells, CulturedDihydropyridinesDose-Response Relationship, DrugDown-RegulationEmbryonic Stem CellsEpidermal Growth FactorHEK293 CellsHumansMembrane GlycoproteinsMiceMice, KnockoutMolecular WeightMyocytes, CardiacNeoplasm Proteins1,4-dihydropyridineDihydropyridinesEpidermal Growth FactorMembrane GlycoproteinsNeoplasm ProteinsProtein Serine-Threonine KinasesReceptors, Transforming Growth Factor betaReceptor, Transforming Growth Factor-beta Type IITdgf1 protein, mouse

Identifiers

PMID22862949
PMCPMC3419596
OpenAlexW2147898718

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.