ArticleThe Journal of rheumatology2012
Increased risk of systemic lupus erythematosus in 29,000 patients with biopsy-verified celiac disease.
Article in The Journal of rheumatology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 66 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence of coeliac disease in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Lupus science & medicine · 2024Pooled it
- Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and the Risk of Coeliac Disease: Substantial Discrepancies Among Studies Highlight a Significant Research Gap.Mediterranean journal of rheumatology · 2026Review
- Co-Occurrence of Systemic Sclerosis, Lupus, and Celiac Disease in Multiple Autoimmune Syndrome: A Case Report.The American journal of case reports · 2025Article
- Coeliac disease: complications and comorbidities.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2025Review
- Cutaneous Disorders Masking Celiac Disease: Case Report and Mini Review with Proposal for a Practical Clinical Approach.Nutrients · 2023Review
- Review
- Gastrointestinal Involvement in Children with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Celiac disease in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.Reumatologia · 2021Article
- Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Novel Insights into Mechanisms and Promising Therapeutic Strategies.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- The Value of Screening for Celiac Disease in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Single Experience of a Tertiary Medical Center.Rheumatology and therapy · 2020Article
- Celiac Disease: Extraintestinal Manifestations and Associated Conditions.Journal of clinical gastroenterology · 2020Review
- Pernio as the clinical presentation of celiac disease: A case report.SAGE open medical case reports · 2020Article
- Celiac Disease Prevalence is Increased in Primary Sjögren's Syndrome and Diffuse Systemic Sclerosis: Lessons from a Large Multi-Center Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2019Article
- Extra-Intestinal Manifestations of Coeliac Disease in Children: Clinical Features and Mechanisms.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2019Review
- Celiac Disease-Musculoskeletal Manifestations and Mechanisms in Children to Adults.Current osteoporosis reports · 2018Review
- Prevalence of celiac disease in Iranian patients with rheumatologic disorders.Gastroenterology and hepatology from bed to bench · 2018Article
- Prevalence of celiac disease serological markers in a cohort of Italian rheumatological patients.Gastroenterology and hepatology from bed to bench · 2018Article
- An unusual association of three autoimmune disorders: celiac disease, systemic lupus erythematosus and Hashimoto's thyroiditis.Auto- immunity highlights · 2016Article
- Direct Costs in Patients with Celiac Disease in the USA: A Retrospective Claims Analysis.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2016Article
- Review
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo investigate a possible association between celiac disease (CD) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Case series have indicated a possible association, but population-based studies are lacking.
methodsWe compared the risk of SLE in 29,048 individuals with biopsy-verified CD (villous atrophy, Marsh 3) from Sweden's 28 pathology departments with that in 144,352 matched individuals from the general population identified through the Swedish Total Population Register. SLE was defined as having at least 2 records of SLE in the Swedish Patient Register. We used Cox regression to estimate hazard ratios (HR) for SLE.
resultsDuring followup, 54 individuals with CD had an incident SLE. This corresponded to an HR of 3.49 (95% CI 2.48-4.90), with an absolute risk of 17/100,000 person-years and an excess risk of 12/100,000. Beyond 5 years of followup, the HR for SLE was 2.54 (95% CI 1.57-4.10). While SLE was predominantly female, we found similar risk estimates in men and women. When we restricted our outcome to individuals who also had a dispensation for a medication used in SLE, the HR was 2.43 (95% CI 1.22-4.87). The HR for having 2 records of SLE diagnoses, out of which at least 1 had occurred in a department of rheumatology, nephrology/dialysis, internal medicine, or pediatrics, was 2.87 (95% CI 1.97-4.17).
conclusionIndividuals with CD were at a 3-fold increased risk of SLE compared to the general population. Although this excess risk remained more than 5 years after CD diagnosis, absolute risks were low.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.