ArticleStatistics in medicine2013
Application of fractional factorial designs to study drug combinations.
Article in Statistics in medicine, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 73 citations in OpenAlex.
- Two-level non-regular fractional factorial designs for public health studies.BMC medical research methodology · 2026Article
- Implementing QbD for Nano-Pharmaceuticals and Complex Formulations to Achieve Predictable and High-Quality Outcomes.AAPS PharmSciTech · 2026Review
- An Aliasing Measure of Factor Effects in Three-Level Regular Designs.Entropy (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Application of quality by design in optimization of nanoformulations: Principle, perspectives and practices.Drug delivery and translational research · 2025Review
- The Central Composite Design and Artificial Neural Network Coupled with Genetic Algorithm in Optimization and Modeling of the Radiolabeling Process ofCurrent radiopharmaceuticals · 2025Article
- Synergistic combinations ofFrontiers in pharmacology · 2024Article
- On efficiency of locallyJournal of applied statistics · 2024Article
- Study on Effect of Leather Rigidity and Thickness on Drapability of Sheep Garment Leather.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- A general pharmacodynamic interaction model identifies perpetrators and victims in drug interactions.Nature communications · 2017Article
- Drug regimens identified and optimized by output-driven platform markedly reduce tuberculosis treatment time.Nature communications · 2017Article
- Output-driven feedback system control platform optimizes combinatorial therapy of tuberculosis using a macrophage cell culture model.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2016Article
- Preclinical optimization of a broad-spectrum anti-bladder cancer tri-drug regimen via the Feedback System Control (FSC) platform.Scientific reports · 2015Article
- Pharmacological approaches to improving cognitive function in Down syndrome: current status and considerations.Drug design, development and therapy · 2015Review
- Fractional factorial design to investigate stromal cell regulation of macrophage plasticity.Biotechnology and bioengineering · 2014Article
- An application of a Hill-based response surface model for a drug combination experiment on lung cancer.Statistics in medicine · 2014Article
- Identification of IL-1β and LPS as optimal activators of monolayer and alginate-encapsulated mesenchymal stromal cell immunomodulation using design of experiments and statistical methods.Biotechnology progressArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is known to cause diseases of various severities. There is increasing interest to find drug combinations to treat HSV-1 by reducing drug resistance and cytotoxicity. Drug combinations offer potentially higher efficacy and lower individual drug dosage. In this paper, we report a new application of fractional factorial designs to investigate a biological system with HSV-1 and six antiviral drugs, namely, interferon alpha, interferon beta, interferon gamma, ribavirin, acyclovir, and tumor necrosis factor alpha. We show how the sequential use of two-level and three-level fractional factorial designs can screen for important drugs and drug interactions, as well as determine potential optimal drug dosages through the use of contour plots. Our initial experiment using a two-level fractional factorial design suggests that there is model inadequacy and that drug dosages should be reduced. A follow-up experiment using a blocked three-level fractional factorial design indicates that tumor necrosis factor alpha has little effect and that HSV-1 infection can be suppressed effectively by using the right combination of the other five antiviral drugs. These observations have practical implications in the understanding of antiviral drug mechanism that can result in better design of antiviral drug therapy.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.