ArticleJournal of virology2012
Persistent infection of thymic epithelial cells with coxsackievirus B4 results in decreased expression of type 2 insulin-like growth factor.
Article in Journal of virology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- History of the Thymus: From a Vestigial Organ to the Programming of Immunological Self-Tolerance.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2025Review
- Immune tolerance and the prevention of autoimmune diseases essentially depend on thymic tissue homeostasis.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Article
- Review
- Intrathymic somatotropic circuitry: consequences upon thymus involution.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Persistent coxsackievirus B infection and pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes mellitus.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2022Review
- Thymus, undernutrition, and infection: Approaching cellular and molecular interactions.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Review
- Article
- Coxsackievirus B4 Transplacental Infection Severely Disturbs Central Tolerogenic Mechanisms in the Fetal Thymus.Microorganisms · 2021Article
- Effect of Coxsackievirus B4 Infection on the Thymus: Elucidating Its Role in the Pathogenesis of Type 1 Diabetes.Microorganisms · 2021Review
- Modulation of IGF2 Expression in the Murine Thymus and Thymic Epithelial Cells Following Coxsackievirus-B4 Infection.Microorganisms · 2021Article
- Infections and systemic inflammation are associated with lower plasma concentration of insulin-like growth factor I among Malawian children.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2021Article
- The thymus and the science of self.Seminars in immunopathology · 2021Review
- Genetic Adaptation of Coxsackievirus B1 during Persistent Infection in Pancreatic Cells.Microorganisms · 2020Article
- Structures and Functions of Viral 5' Non-Coding Genomic RNA Domain-I in Group-B Enterovirus Infections.Viruses · 2020Review
- Targeting Glycoproteins as a therapeutic strategy for diabetes mellitus and its complications.Daru : journal of Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences · 2020Review
- Housekeeping Gene Expression in the Fetal and Neonatal Murine Thymus Following Coxsackievirus B4 Infection.Genes · 2020Article
- Assessment of Thymic Output Dynamics AfterFrontiers in immunology · 2020Article
- The presentation of neuroendocrine self-peptides in the thymus: an essential event for individual life and vertebrate survival.Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · 2019Review
- Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
It has been hypothesized that a disturbance of central self-tolerance to islet β cells may play a role in the enteroviral pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes. Whether enteroviruses can induce an impaired expression of β-cell self-antigens in thymic epithelial cells has been investigated in a murine thymic epithelial (MTE) cell line. This cell line was permissive to the diabetogenic group B4 coxsackievirus (CV-B4) strain CV-B4 E2 and spontaneously expressed type 2 insulin-like growth factor (Igf2), the dominant self-antigen of the insulin family. In this model, a persistent replication of CV-B4 E2 was obtained, as attested to by the prolonged detection of intracellular positive- and negative-strand viral RNA by reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) and capsid protein VP1 by immunofluorescent staining and by the release of infectious particles in culture supernatants. The chronic stage of the infection was characterized by a low proportion of VP1-positive cells (1 to 2%), whereas many cells harbored enteroviral RNA, as displayed by RT-PCR without extraction applied directly to a few cells. Igf2 mRNA and IGF-2 protein were dramatically decreased in CV-B4 E2-infected MTE cell cultures compared with mock-infected cultures, whereas housekeeping and interleukin-6 (Il6) gene expression was maintained and Igf1 mRNA was decreased, but to a lower extent. Inoculation of CV-B3, CV-B4 JVB, or echovirus 1 resulted in a low level of IGF-2 in culture supernatants as well, whereas herpes simplex virus 1 stimulated the production of the protein. Thus, a persistent infection of a thymic epithelial cell line with enteroviruses like CV-B4 E2 can result in a disturbed production of IGF-2, a protein involved in central self-tolerance toward islet β cells.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.