ArticleToxins2012
Humanized-single domain antibodies (VH/VHH) that bound specifically to Naja kaouthia phospholipase A2 and neutralized the enzymatic activity.
Article in Toxins, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- Bispecific single-domain antibody (VHH) fused with human IgG1 Fc with dual specificity effectively neutralize Naja Kaouthia venom.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Article
- Phage display-derived alpaca nanobodies as potential therapeutics forApplied and environmental microbiology · 2024Article
- Characterization of plant produced VBiotechnology reports (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2024Article
- Neutralizing and Enhancing Epitopes of the SARS-CoV-2 Receptor-Binding Domain (RBD) Identified by Nanobodies.Viruses · 2023Article
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- Antibodies as Snakebite Antivenoms: Past and Future.Toxins · 2022Review
- Bibliometric Analysis of Literature in Snake Venom-Related Research Worldwide (1933-2022).Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2022Article
- VInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Anti-Metalloprotease P-I Single-Domain Antibodies: Tools for Next-Generation Snakebite Antivenoms.BioMed research international · 2022Article
- Recombinant antibodies against Iranian cobra venom as a new emerging therapy by phage display technology.The journal of venomous animals and toxins including tropical diseases · 2020Article
- Discrete analysis of camelid variable domains: sequences, structures, and in-silico structure prediction.PeerJ · 2020Article
- Human Monoclonal scFvs that Neutralize Fribrinogenolytic Activity of Kaouthiagin, a Zinc-Metalloproteinase in Cobra (Toxins · 2018Article
- Evolution of Therapeutic Antibodies, Influenza Virus Biology, Influenza, and Influenza Immunotherapy.BioMed research international · 2018Review
- Computational Studies of Snake Venom Toxins.Toxins · 2017Review
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- Article
- Engineering venom's toxin-neutralizing antibody fragments and its therapeutic potential.Toxins · 2014Review
- Specific B-cell Epitope of Per a 1: A Major Allergen of American Cockroach (Periplaneta americana) and Anatomical Localization.Allergy, asthma & immunology research · 2014Article
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- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Naja kaouthia (monocled cobra) venom contains many isoforms of secreted phospholipase A2 (sPLA(2)). The PLA(2) exerts several pharmacologic and toxic effects in the snake bitten subject, dependent or independent on the enzymatic activity. N. kaouthia venom appeared in two protein profiles, P3 and P5, after fractionating the venom by ion exchange column chromatography. In this study, phage clones displaying humanized-camel single domain antibodies (VH/V(H)H) that bound specifically to the P3 and P5 were selected from a humanized-camel VH/V(H)H phage display library. Two phagemid transfected E. coli clones (P3-1 and P3-3) produced humanized-V(H)H, while another clone (P3-7) produced humanized-VH. At the optimal venom:antibody ratio, the VH/V(H)H purified from the E. coli homogenates neutralized PLA(2) enzyme activity comparable to the horse immune serum against the N. kaouthia holo-venom. Homology modeling and molecular docking revealed that the VH/V(H)H covered the areas around the PLA(2) catalytic groove and inserted their Complementarity Determining Regions (CDRs) into the enzymatic cleft. It is envisaged that the VH/V(H)H would ameliorate/abrogate the principal toxicity of the venom PLA(2) (membrane phospholipid catabolism leading to cellular and subcellular membrane damage which consequently causes hemolysis, hemorrhage, and dermo-/myo-necrosis), if they were used for passive immunotherapy of the cobra bitten victim. The speculation needs further investigations.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.