ArticleToxins2012
A single-step purification and molecular characterization of functional Shiga toxin 2 variants from pathogenic Escherichia coli.
Article in Toxins, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- Interaction of Shiga toxin with the A-domains and multimers of von Willebrand Factor.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2013Trial
- Synthesis of biologically active Shiga toxins in cell-free systems.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- In Silico Analysis of Shiga Toxin-ProducingToxins · 2024Article
- Development of Thermally Stable Nanobodies for Detection and Neutralization of Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B.Toxins · 2023Article
- Genomic Analysis of Shiga Toxin-ProducingToxins · 2022Article
- Cytotoxic Effects of Recombinant StxA2-His in the Absence of Its Corresponding B-Subunit.Toxins · 2021Article
- Validation of a Cell-Based Assay for Detection of Active Shiga Toxins Produced byInternational journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- Structural and Functional Characterization of Stx2k, a New Subtype of Shiga Toxin 2.Microorganisms · 2019Article
- The First Isolation and Molecular Characterization of Shiga Toxin-Producing Virulent Multi-Drug Resistant Atypical EnteropathogenicFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2019Article
- Serogroups, subtypes and virulence factors of shiga toxin-producingGastroenterology and hepatology from bed to bench · 2018Article
- Degradation and inactivation of Shiga toxins by nitrogen gas plasma.AMB Express · 2017Article
- A New Immunoassay for Detecting All Subtypes of Shiga Toxins Produced by Shiga Toxin-Producing E. coli in Ground Beef.PloS one · 2016Article
- An in vitro combined antibiotic-antibody treatment eliminates toxicity from Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2015Article
- Detection of shiga toxins by lateral flow assay.Toxins · 2015Article
- New Stx2e Monoclonal Antibodies for Immunological Detection and Distinction of Stx2 Subtypes.PloS one · 2015Article
- New high-affinity monoclonal antibodies against Shiga toxin 1 facilitate the detection of hybrid Stx1/Stx2 in vivo.PloS one · 2014Article
- Toxin instability and its role in toxin translocation from the endoplasmic reticulum to the cytosol.Biomolecules · 2013Article
- Purification and characterization of Shiga toxin 2f, an immunologically unrelated subtype of Shiga toxin 2.PloS one · 2013Article
- Development of monoclonal antibodies and immunoassays for sensitive and specific detection of Shiga toxin Stx2f.PloS one · 2013Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
A one-step affinity chromatography method was developed to purify Shiga toxin 2 variants (Stx2) Stx2a, Stx2c, Stx2d and Stx2g from bacterial culture supernatants. Analysis of the purified Stx2 variants by denaturing gel electrophoresis revealed 32 kDa and 7 kDa protein bands, corresponding to the Stx2A- and B-subunits, respectively. However, native gel electrophoresis indicated that purified Stx2c and Stx2d were significantly higher in molecular weight than Stx2a and Stx2g. In a cytotoxicity assay with Hela cells, the 50% cytotoxic dose of Stx2a and Stx2g were 100 pg and 10 pg, respectively, but 1 ng each for Stx2c and Stx2d. Interestingly, analysis of the 50% inhibitory dose in a cell-free translational system from rabbit reticulocyte lysates indicated that Stx2g had a lower capacity to inhibit protein synthesis than the other Stx2 variants. The cytotoxicities in Hela cells were neutralized with an anti-Stx2B antibody and were denatured at 80 °C for 1 h. These findings demonstrated that Stx2 variants exhibited different toxicities, holotoxin structure, and stabilities using distinct systems for assessing toxin activities. The development of a simple method for purification of Stx2 variants will enable further studies of Stx2-mediated toxicity in various model systems.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.