ReviewViruses2012
Influenza virus-mediated membrane fusion: determinants of hemagglutinin fusogenic activity and experimental approaches for assessing virus fusion.
Review in Viruses, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 103 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
103 citing papers in PubMed, 186 citations in OpenAlex.
- Inactivation of Avian Influenza Virus in Raw Milk Kefir.Food and environmental virology · 2026Article
- A Double-Edged Sword: Extracellular Serine Proteases as Facilitators of Infection and Mediators of Immunity.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Enhancing Vaccine Immunogenicity of H9N2 Influenza HA by Locking Its Pre-Fusion Conformation via Cleavage Site Engineering.Veterinary sciences · 2026Article
- Structure-Guided Design of Peptide Inhibitors Targeting Class I Viral Fusion Proteins.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Chemical Composition, Biological Activity, and In VivoToxicity of Essential Oils Extracted from Mixtures of Plants and Spices.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Label-Free Detection of Virus-Membrane Interactions Using Surface-Enhanced Infrared Absorption (SEIRA) Spectroscopy.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2025Article
- Integrating Cryo-Electron Microscopy and Molecular Dynamics Simulations to Investigate Membrane Binding of Influenza Virus Fusion Peptides.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2025Article
- Article
- Small Molecule Influenza Virus Fusion Inhibitors Targeting Viral Hemagglutinin: Chemical Insights and Antiviral Evaluation.Mini reviews in medicinal chemistry · 2025Review
- DNA and protein-generated chimeric molecules for delivery of influenza viral epitopes in mouse and humanized NSG transfer models.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2024Review
- Molecular Dynamics Investigation of the Influenza Hemagglutinin Conformational Changes in Acidic pH.The journal of physical chemistry. B · 2024Article
- Article
- Chloride intracellular channel (CLIC) proteins function as fusogens.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Antigenic Architecture of the H7N2 Influenza Virus Hemagglutinin Belonging to the North American Lineage.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Molecular Mechanisms behind Conformational Transitions of the Influenza Virus Hemagglutinin Membrane Anchor.The journal of physical chemistry. B · 2023Article
- Thoracic adipose tissue contributes to severe virus infection of the lung.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2023Article
- Article
- Two modes of fusogenic action for influenza virus fusion peptide.PLoS computational biology · 2023Article
- Genetically engineered cellular nanoparticles for biomedical applications.Biomaterials · 2023Review
- Review
43 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Hemagglutinin (HA) is the viral protein that facilitates the entry of influenza viruses into host cells. This protein controls two critical aspects of entry: virus binding and membrane fusion. In order for HA to carry out these functions, it must first undergo a priming step, proteolytic cleavage, which renders it fusion competent. Membrane fusion commences from inside the endosome after a drop in lumenal pH and an ensuing conformational change in HA that leads to the hemifusion of the outer membrane leaflets of the virus and endosome, the formation of a stalk between them, followed by pore formation. Thus, the fusion machinery is an excellent target for antiviral compounds, especially those that target the conserved stem region of the protein. However, traditional ensemble fusion assays provide a somewhat limited ability to directly quantify fusion partly due to the inherent averaging of individual fusion events resulting from experimental constraints. Inspired by the gains achieved by single molecule experiments and analysis of stochastic events, recently-developed individual virion imaging techniques and analysis of single fusion events has provided critical information about individual virion behavior, discriminated intermediate fusion steps within a single virion, and allowed the study of the overall population dynamics without the loss of discrete, individual information. In this article, we first start by reviewing the determinants of HA fusogenic activity and the viral entry process, highlight some open questions, and then describe the experimental approaches for assaying fusion that will be useful in developing the most effective therapies in the future.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.