ArticlemBio2012
Emergence of fatal avian influenza in New England harbor seals.
Article in mBio, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 116 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
116 citing papers in PubMed, 203 citations in OpenAlex.
- Host-specific functional evolution of seal influenza A virus NS1 protein following avian-to-seal transmission.Journal of virology · 2026Article
- Avian Influenza Viruses: Global Panzootic, Host Range Expansion and Emerging One-Health Threats.Veterinary sciences · 2026Review
- Article
- Epidemiology, evolution, and biological characteristics of H3 avian influenza viruses isolated from chickens in China.One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2025Article
- Attachment Patterns of Avian Influenza H5 Clade 2.3.4.4b Virus in Respiratory Tracts of Marine Mammals, North Atlantic Ocean.Emerging infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Article
- H5N1 2.3.4.4b: a review of mammalian adaptations and risk of pandemic emergence.The Journal of general virology · 2025Review
- Hepatovirus infections in juvenile seals from the North Sea.Npj viruses · 2025Article
- Evaluating the potential of anti-dsRNA antibodies as an alternative viral sensing tool in encephalitides of different species.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2025Article
- Evaluating machine learning approaches for host prediction using H3 influenza genomic data.PloS one · 2025Article
- Neurological examination of Pacific harbor seal (Frontiers in veterinary science · 2025Article
- A systematic review on global zoonotic virus-associated mortality events in marine mammals.One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2024Review
- In Silico Genomic Analysis of Avian Influenza Viruses Isolated From Marine Seal Colonies.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Epidemiological data of an influenza A/H5N1 outbreak in elephant seals in Argentina indicates mammal-to-mammal transmission.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Artificial intelligence-based prediction of pathogen emergence and evolution in the world of synthetic biology.Microbial biotechnology · 2024Review
- Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus A(H5N1) Clade 2.3.4.4b Infection in Free-Ranging Polar Bear, Alaska, USA.Emerging infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Exploring Potential Intermediates in the Cross-Species Transmission of Influenza A Virus to Humans.Viruses · 2024Review
- Outbreak of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N1) Virus in Seals, St. Lawrence Estuary, Quebec, CanadaEmerging infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) virus in a common bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) in Florida.Communications biology · 2024Article
- Genetic Diversity and Biological Characteristics of H3 Avian Influenza Virus Isolated from China in 2021-2022 Showed the Emerging H3N8 Posed a Threat to Human Health.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2024Article
56 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
15 authors at 8 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
unlabelledFrom September to December 2011, 162 New England harbor seals died in an outbreak of pneumonia. Sequence analysis of postmortem samples revealed the presence of an avian H3N8 influenza A virus, similar to a virus circulating in North American waterfowl since at least 2002 but with mutations that indicate recent adaption to mammalian hosts. These include a D701N mutation in the viral PB2 protein, previously reported in highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza viruses infecting people. Lectin staining and agglutination assays indicated the presence of the avian-preferred SAα-2,3 and mammalian SAα-2,6 receptors in seal respiratory tract, and the ability of the virus to agglutinate erythrocytes bearing either the SAα-2,3 or the SAα-2,6 receptor. The emergence of this A/harbor seal/Massachusetts/1/2011 virus may herald the appearance of an H3N8 influenza clade with potential for persistence and cross-species transmission. IMPORTANCE: The emergence of new strains of influenza virus is always of great public concern, especially when the infection of a new mammalian host has the potential to result in a widespread outbreak of disease. Here we report the emergence of an avian influenza virus (H3N8) in New England harbor seals which caused an outbreak of pneumonia and contributed to a U.S. federally recognized unusual mortality event (UME). This outbreak is particularly significant, not only because of the disease it caused in seals but also because the virus has naturally acquired mutations that are known to increase transmissibility and virulence in mammals. Monitoring the spillover and adaptation of avian viruses in mammalian species is critically important if we are to understand the factors that lead to both epizootic and zoonotic emergence.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.