ArticleGenetics2012
Clonal interference in the evolution of influenza.
Article in Genetics, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 113 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
113 citing papers in PubMed.
- Module-Selection Balance in the Evolution of Modular Organisms.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Article
- Putting BASIL in a BLT: A Bayesian filtering method for estimating the fitness effects of nascent adaptive mutations.PLoS computational biology · 2026Article
- Linkage-aware inference of fitness from short-read time-series genomic data.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Linkage-aware inference of fitness from short-read time-series genomic data.Virus evolution · 2026Article
- Experimental evolution in an era of molecular manipulation.Nature reviews. Genetics · 2026Review
- Clonal interference and changing selective pressures shape the escape of SARS-CoV-2 from hundreds of antibodies.Virus evolution · 2026Article
- Integration of bioinformatic tools for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 co-infection cases.Microbial genomics · 2026Article
- High-throughput neutralization measurements correlate strongly with evolutionary success of human influenza strains.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Navigating the Fitness Landscape: Host Density, Epistasis, and Clonal Interference Drive Divergent Evolutionary Pathways in Phage Qβ.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Ecological diversification in rapidly evolving populations.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Complex interactions in the life cycle of a simple parasite shape the evolution of virulence.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- Review
- Concepts and Methods for Predicting Viral Evolution.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2025Article
- Article
- Concepts and methods for predicting viral evolution.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Article
- Evolution of evolvability in rapidly adapting populations.Nature ecology & evolution · 2024Article
- Measures of Population Immunity Can Predict the Dominant Clade of Influenza A (H3N2) in the 2017-2018 Season and Reveal Age-Associated Differences in Susceptibility and Antibody-Binding Specificity.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2024Article
- Recombinant SARS-CoV-2 Delta/Omicron BA.5 emerging in an immunocompromised long-term infected COVID-19 patient.Scientific reports · 2024Article
53 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The seasonal influenza A virus undergoes rapid evolution to escape human immune response. Adaptive changes occur primarily in antigenic epitopes, the antibody-binding domains of the viral hemagglutinin. This process involves recurrent selective sweeps, in which clusters of simultaneous nucleotide fixations in the hemagglutinin coding sequence are observed about every 4 years. Here, we show that influenza A (H3N2) evolves by strong clonal interference. This mode of evolution is a red queen race between viral strains with different beneficial mutations. Clonal interference explains and quantifies the observed sweep pattern: we find an average of at least one strongly beneficial amino acid substitution per year, and a given selective sweep has three to four driving mutations on average. The inference of selection and clonal interference is based on frequency time series of single-nucleotide polymorphisms, which are obtained from a sample of influenza genome sequences over 39 years. Our results imply that mode and speed of influenza evolution are governed not only by positive selection within, but also by background selection outside antigenic epitopes: immune adaptation and conservation of other viral functions interfere with each other. Hence, adapting viral proteins are predicted to be particularly brittle. We conclude that a quantitative understanding of influenza's evolutionary and epidemiological dynamics must be based on all genomic domains and functions coupled by clonal interference.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.