ArticlePloS one2012
Retinal ganglion cell loss is accompanied by antibody depositions and increased levels of microglia after immunization with retinal antigens.
Article in PloS one, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers.
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Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 71 citations in OpenAlex.
- Ganglion cell function loss in extensive macular atrophy with pseudodrusen.International ophthalmology · 2025Observational
- Role of store-operated CaFrontiers in aging neuroscience · 2025Review
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- Glaucoma Animal Models beyond Chronic IOP Increase.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Molecular regulation of neuroinflammation in glaucoma: Current knowledge and the ongoing search for new treatment targets.Progress in retinal and eye research · 2022Review
- Enhanced glaucomatous damage accompanied by glial response in a new multifactorial mouse model.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Antibody and Protein Profiles in Glaucoma: Screening of Biomarkers and Identification of Signaling Pathways.Biology · 2021Review
- Alterations in Peripheral B Cell Subsets Correlate with the Disease Severity of Human Glaucoma.Journal of inflammation research · 2021Article
- Synthesis, Characterization, andFrontiers in pharmacology · 2021Article
- Therapeutic Drugs and Devices for Tackling Ocular Hypertension and Glaucoma, and Need for Neuroprotection and Cytoprotective Therapies.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2021Review
- Neuroinflammatory Mechanisms of Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Neurodegeneration in Glaucoma.Journal of ophthalmology · 2021Review
- When Is a Control Not a Control? Reactive Microglia Occur Throughout the Control Contralateral Pathway of Retinal Ganglion Cell Projections in Experimental Glaucoma.Translational vision science & technology · 2021Article
- Loss of AKAP1 triggers Drp1 dephosphorylation-mediated mitochondrial fission and loss in retinal ganglion cells.Cell death & disease · 2020Article
- Intravitreal S100B Injection Triggers a Time-Dependent Microglia Response in a Pro-Inflammatory Manner in Retina and Optic Nerve.Molecular neurobiology · 2020Article
- Organ Cultures for Retinal Diseases.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2020Review
- Loss of retinal ganglion cells in a new genetic mouse model for primary open-angle glaucoma.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2019Article
- Immunomodulation as a Neuroprotective Strategy for Glaucoma Treatment.Current ophthalmology reports · 2019Article
- Transfer of the Experimental Autoimmune Glaucoma Model from Rats to Mice-New Options to Study Glaucoma Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Article
- T-Lymphocyte Subset Distribution and Activity in Patients With Glaucoma.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2019Article
- Immune Mediated Degeneration and Possible Protection in Glaucoma.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAntibodies against retinal and optic nerve antigens are detectable in glaucoma patients. Recent studies using a model of experimental autoimmune glaucoma demonstrated that immunization with certain ocular antigens causes an immun-mediated retinal ganglion cell loss in rats. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL
findingsRats immunized with a retinal ganglion cell layer homogenate (RGA) had a reduced retinal ganglion cell density on retinal flatmounts (p = 0.007) and a lower number of Brn3(+) retinal ganglion cells (p = 0.0001) after six weeks. The autoreactive antibody development against retina and optic nerve was examined throughout the study. The levels of autoreactive antibodies continuously increased up to 6 weeks (retina: p = 0.004; optic nerve: p = 0.000003). Additionally, antibody deposits were detected in the retina (p = 0.02). After 6 weeks a reactive gliosis (GFAP density: RGA: 174.7±41.9; CO: 137.6±36.8, p = 0.0006; %GFAP(+) area: RGA: 8.5±3.4; CO: 5.9±3.6, p = 0.006) as well as elevated level of Iba1(+) microglia cells (p = 0.003) was observed in retinas of RGA animals. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Our findings suggest that these antibodies play a substantial role in mechanisms leading to retinal ganglion cell death. This seems to lead to glia cell activation as well as the invasion of microglia, which might be associated with debris clearance.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.