Trial reportBritish journal of haematology2012
Treatment of Burkitt lymphoma in equatorial Africa using a simple three-drug combination followed by a salvage regimen for patients with persistent or recurrent disease.
Trial report in British journal of haematology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 61 citations in OpenAlex.
- Burkitt lymphoma: current understanding, unmet needs, and research directions.Blood advances · 2026Review
- Treatment Decision Making at Diagnosis for Children Presenting With Advanced Cancer in Low- and Middle-Income Countries.JCO global oncology · 2026Article
- Is liquid biopsy a cost-effective method to diagnose Burkitt Lymphoma in children and young adults? A health economic evaluation in Tanzania.BMC medicine · 2026Article
- Rituximab for children with EBV-positive Burkitt lymphoma in East Africa.Blood advances · 2025Observational
- High-Dose Methotrexate Usage Without Drug-Level Monitoring in Advanced Pediatric Mature B-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma in a Resource-Limited Setting in Malawi.JCO global oncology · 2025Article
- Retrospective analysis of pediatric patients with Burkitt lymphoma treated in Tanzania following the implementation of the 2016 National Treatment Guidelines: Poor outcomes to current standard-of-care therapy.Pediatric blood & cancer · 2024Article
- Tumor microenvironment of Burkitt lymphoma: different immune signatures with different clinical behavior.Blood advances · 2024Article
- Treatment delays in children and young adults with lymphoma: a report from an East Africa lymphoma cohort study.Blood advances · 2023Article
- Childhood and Adolescent Cancer Care at a Tertiary Hospital in Northern Tanzania: A Retrospective Study.JCO global oncology · 2023Article
- Communication of Early Integration of Palliative Care for Children With Cancer in Latin America: The Care as a Vessel Metaphor.JCO global oncology · 2023Article
- Five decades of low intensity and low survival: adapting intensified regimens to cure pediatric Burkitt lymphoma in Africa.Blood advances · 2020Article
- Article
- Immune landscape in Burkitt lymphoma reveals M2-macrophage polarization and correlation between PD-L1 expression and non-canonical EBV latency program.Infectious agents and cancer · 2020Article
- Advanced Burkitt Lymphoma in Sub-Saharan Africa Pediatric Units: Results of the Third Prospective Multicenter Study of the Groupe Franco-Africain d'Oncologie Pédiatrique.Journal of global oncology · 2019Article
- The Epstein-Barr virus LMP1 interactome: biological implications and therapeutic targets.Future virology · 2018Article
- Pediatric Cancer in Northern Tanzania: Evaluation of Diagnosis, Treatment, and Outcomes.Journal of global oncology · 2018Article
- How I treat Burkitt lymphoma in children, adolescents, and young adults in sub-Saharan Africa.Blood · 2018Review
- Lymphoma and Pathology in Sub-Saharan Africa: Current Approaches and Future Directions.Clinics in laboratory medicine · 2018Review
- Plasma Epstein-Barr virus DNA for pediatric Burkitt lymphoma diagnosis, prognosis and response assessment in Malawi.International journal of cancer · 2017Article
- Burkitt's Lymphoma and B-Cell Lymphoma Unclassifiable With Features Intermediate Between Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma and Burkitt's Lymphoma in Patients With HIV: Outcomes in a South African Public Hospital.Journal of global oncology · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
17 authors at 11 institutions in 9 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Prior to the introduction of the International Network for Cancer Treatment and Research (INCTR) protocol INCTR 03-06, survival of patients with Burkitt lymphoma at four tertiary care centres in equatorial Africa was probably no more than 10-20%. The results reported here for 356 patients have demonstrated marked improvement in survival through the use of a uniform treatment protocol consisting of cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, vincristine, and intrathecal therapy, and the introduction of non-cross resistant second-line (salvage) therapy, consisting of ifosfamide, mesna, etoposide and cytarabine, when patients failed to achieve a complete response to first-line therapy or relapsed early. Overall survival rates of 67% and 62% were observed at 1 and 2 years (relapse is rare after 1 year of remission). Of interest was the small impact of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and bone marrow involvement on outcome. However, the presence or absence of abdominal involvement clearly defined two prognostic groups. An additional finding was the association between CSF pleocytosis and orbital tumours, suggesting that spread of tumour cells to the central nervous system may sometimes occur via direct involvement of cranial nerves in the orbit. Survival rates may be increased in patients with abdominal involvement by combining first- and second-line therapy, but verification will require a further clinical study.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.