Evidence map›Paper›PMID 22844505›Full record

ArticlePloS one2012

Bitter taste stimuli induce differential neural codes in mouse brain.

David M Wilson, John D Boughter, Christian H Lemon

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
24citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

24 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. ParabrachialeNeuro · 2025
    Article
  2. Survey of temporal coding of sensory information.Frontiers in computational neuroscience · 2025
    Article
  3. TRPV1-Lineage Somatosensory Fibers Communicate with Taste Neurons in the Mouse Parabrachial Nucleus.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2022
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Variation in the geneAmerican journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology · 2021
    Article
  7. Optogenetic Stimulation of Type I GAD65The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2020
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Taste coding strategies in insular cortex.Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.) · 2020
    Review
  10. Rats are unable to discriminate quinine from diverse bitter stimuli.American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology · 2019
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Mouse Parabrachial Neurons Signal a Relationship between Bitter Taste and Nociceptive Stimuli.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2019
    Article
  13. Review
  14. Taste buds: cells, signals and synapses.Nature reviews. Neuroscience · 2017
    Review
  15. New Methods to Study Gustatory Coding.Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE · 2017
    Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Spatiotemporal Coding of Individual Chemicals by the Gustatory System.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2015
    Article
  19. Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

David M WilsonDepartment of Pharmacological and Physiological Science, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, United States of America.
John D Boughter
Christian H Lemon

Funding

Taste and Somatosensory ProcessingR01DC011579 · NIDCD · UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA · PI CHRISTIAN H LEMON · 2011 to 2026
$4.4M
Pharmacological Sciences Training GrantT32GM008306 · NIGMS · SAINT LOUIS UNIVERSITY · PI EGAN, TERRANCE M, WALKER, JOHN K. · 1990 to 2020
$3.6M
NIDCD NIH HHS DC-011579NIDCD NIH HHS R01 DC011579NIGMS NIH HHS GM-008306NIGMS NIH HHS T32 GM008306
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

A growing literature suggests taste stimuli commonly classified as "bitter" induce heterogeneous neural and perceptual responses. Here, the central processing of bitter stimuli was studied in mice with genetically controlled bitter taste profiles. Using these mice removed genetic heterogeneity as a factor influencing gustatory neural codes for bitter stimuli. Electrophysiological activity (spikes) was recorded from single neurons in the nucleus tractus solitarius during oral delivery of taste solutions (26 total), including concentration series of the bitter tastants quinine, denatonium benzoate, cycloheximide, and sucrose octaacetate (SOA), presented to the whole mouth for 5 s. Seventy-nine neurons were sampled; in many cases multiple cells (2 to 5) were recorded from a mouse. Results showed bitter stimuli induced variable gustatory activity. For example, although some neurons responded robustly to quinine and cycloheximide, others displayed concentration-dependent activity (p<0.05) to quinine but not cycloheximide. Differential activity to bitter stimuli was observed across multiple neurons recorded from one animal in several mice. Across all cells, quinine and denatonium induced correlated spatial responses that differed (p<0.05) from those to cycloheximide and SOA. Modeling spatiotemporal neural ensemble activity revealed responses to quinine/denatonium and cycloheximide/SOA diverged during only an early, at least 1 s wide period of the taste response. Our findings highlight how temporal features of sensory processing contribute differences among bitter taste codes and build on data suggesting heterogeneity among "bitter" stimuli, data that challenge a strict monoguesia model for the bitter quality.

Indexed as

Electrophysiological PhenomenaAnimalsFemaleMaleMiceNeuronsPhysical StimulationSolitary NucleusSpatio-Temporal AnalysisTaste Perception

Identifiers

PMID22844505
PMCPMC3402413

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.