SynthesisPloS one2012
Identifying regional variation in the prevalence of postpartum haemorrhage: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in PloS one, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 3 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 86 papers, 10 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Accurate Display of Postpartum Hemorrhage Using Triton (ADOPT) - A Retrospective Blinded Cohort Study
Prophylactic Use of Tranexamic Acid for Preventing Postpartum Hemorrhage: A Randomized, Double-blinded, Placebo-controlled Pilot Trial
Management of Postpartum Haemorrhage and Effect of Geographic Region: A Secondary Analysis of the World Maternal Antifibrinolytic (WOMAN) Trial
Who cites it
86 citing papers in PubMed, 10 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Tranexamic acid for preventing postpartum haemorrhage after vaginal birth.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Tranexamic acid for preventing postpartum haemorrhage after caesarean section.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2024Pooled it
- Twin pregnancy and postpartum haemorrhage: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2024Pooled it
- Prophylactic tranexamic acid in Cesarean delivery: an updated meta-analysis with a trial sequential analysis.Canadian journal of anaesthesia = Journal canadien d'anesthesie · 2024Pooled it
- Fetal Macrosomia and Postpartum Hemorrhage in Latin American and Caribbean Region: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Revista brasileira de ginecologia e obstetricia : revista da Federacao Brasileira das Sociedades de Ginecologia e Obstetricia · 2023Pooled it
- Magnitude of postpartum hemorrhage and associated factors among women who gave birth in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Reproductive health · 2022Pooled it
- Postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) rates in randomized trials of PPH prophylactic interventions and the effect of underlying participant PPH risk: a meta-analysis.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2020Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Safety and efficacy of tranexamic acid for prevention of obstetric haemorrhage: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis.Blood transfusion = Trasfusione del sangue · 2018Pooled it
- The frequency of maternal morbidity: A systematic review of systematic reviews.International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics · 2018Pooled it
- Higher PlasmaNutrients · 2024Trial
- Intravenous tranexamic acid vs. sublingual misoprostol in high-risk women for postpartum haemorrhage following cesarean delivery; a randomised clinical trial.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2023Trial
- Tranexamic acid for the prevention of postpartum haemorrhage: the TAPPH-1 pilot randomized trial and lessons learned for trials in Canadian obstetrics.Scientific reports · 2023Trial
- Trial
- Postpartum hemorrhage in Suriname: A national descriptive study of hospital births and an audit of case management.PloS one · 2020Trial
- Trial
- Trial
- The impact of human immunodeficiency virus infection on obstetric hemorrhage and blood transfusion in South Africa.Transfusion · 2015Trial
- Study protocol. TRAAP - TRAnexamic Acid for Preventing postpartum hemorrhage after vaginal delivery: a multicenter randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2015Trial
- Global, regional, and national burden of maternal hemorrhage from 1990 to 2021, with projections to 2050: Insights from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics · 2026Article
26 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo provide regional estimates of the prevalence of maternal haemorrhage and explore the effect of methodological differences between studies on any observed regional variation.
methodsWe conducted a systematic review of the prevalence of maternal haemorrhage, defined as blood loss greater than or equal to 1) 500 ml or 2) 1000 ml in the antepartum, intrapartum or postpartum period. We obtained regional estimates of the prevalence of maternal and severe maternal haemorrhage by conducting meta-analyses and used meta-regression to explore potential sources of between-study heterogeneity.
findingsNo studies reported the prevalence of antepartum haemorrhage (APH) according to our definitions. The prevalence of postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) (blood loss ≥500 ml) ranged from 7.2% in Oceania to 25.7% in Africa. The prevalence of severe PPH (blood loss ≥1000 ml) was highest in Africa at 5.1% and lowest in Asia at 1.9%. There was strong evidence of between-study heterogeneity in the prevalence of PPH and severe PPH in most regions. Meta-regression analyses suggested that region and method of measurement of blood loss influenced prevalence estimates for both PPH and severe PPH. The regional patterns changed after adjusting for the other predictors of PPH indicating that, compared with European women, Asian women have a lower prevalence of PPH.
conclusionsWe found evidence that Asian women have a very low prevalence of PPH compared with women in Europe. However, more reliable estimates will only be obtained with the standardisation of the measurement of PPH so that the data from different regions are comparable.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.