ArticlePloS one2012
Genes for carbon metabolism and the ToxA virulence factor in Pseudomonas aeruginosa are regulated through molecular interactions of PtxR and PtxS.
Article in PloS one, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- Molecular Characterization of a Transcriptional Regulator GntR for Gluconate Metabolism in Industrial 2-Ketogluconate ProducerMicroorganisms · 2025Article
- Transcriptional Regulatory Systems in Pseudomonas: A Comparative Analysis of Helix-Turn-Helix Domains and Two-Component Signal Transduction Networks.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- ENcyclopedia of TRAnscription Factors in Bacteria and Archaea genomes (ENTRAF) version 2.0.Database : the journal of biological databases and curation · 2025Article
- Characterization and Transcriptional Regulation of the 2-Ketogluconate Utilization Operon inMicroorganisms · 2024Article
- Transcriptional Regulators Controlling Virulence inInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Article
- Role of Two-Component System Networks in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Pathogenesis.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2022Article
- Juglone InactivatesMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Article
- Glucose-Binding of Periplasmic Protein GltB Activates GtrS-GltR Two-Component System inMicroorganisms · 2021Article
- Sanguinarine Inhibits the 2-Ketogluconate Pathway of Glucose Utilization inFrontiers in microbiology · 2021Article
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa core metabolism exerts a widespread growth-independent control on virulence.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Regulation of carbohydrate degradation pathways in Pseudomonas involves a versatile set of transcriptional regulators.Microbial biotechnology · 2018Review
- RNA Thermometers in Bacterial Pathogens.Microbiology spectrum · 2018Review
- Review
- Genetic dissection of independent and cooperative transcriptional activation by the LysR-type activator ThnR at close divergent promoters.Scientific reports · 2016Article
- Interfering with Bacterial Quorum Sensing.Perspectives in medicinal chemistry · 2016Article
- The hierarchy quorum sensing network in Pseudomonas aeruginosa.Protein & cell · 2015Review
- Article
- Pseudomonas Exotoxin A: optimized by evolution for effective killing.Frontiers in microbiology · 2015Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Homologs of the transcriptional regulator PtxS are omnipresent in Pseudomonas, whereas PtxR homologues are exclusively found in human pathogenic Pseudomonas species. In all Pseudomonas sp., PtxS with 2-ketogluconate is the regulator of the gluconate degradation pathway and controls expression from its own promoter and also from the P(gad) and P(kgu) for the catabolic operons. There is evidence that PtxS and PtxR play a central role in the regulation of exotoxin A expression, a relevant primary virulence factor of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. We show using DNaseI-footprint analysis that in P. aeruginosa PtxR binds to the -35 region of the P(toxA) promoter in front of the exotoxin A gene, whereas PtxS does not bind to this promoter. Bioinformatic and DNaseI-footprint analysis identified a PtxR binding site in the P(kgu) and P(gad) promoters that overlaps the -35 region, while the PtxS operator site is located 50 bp downstream from the PtxR site. In vitro, PtxS recognises PtxR with nanomolar affinity, but this interaction does not occur in the presence of 2-ketogluconate, the specific effector of PtxS. DNAaseI footprint assays of P(kgu) and P(gad) promoters with PtxS and PtxR showed a strong region of hyper-reactivity between both regulator binding sites, indicative of DNA distortion when both proteins are bound; however in the presence of 2-ketogluconate no protection was observed. We conclude that PtxS modulates PtxR activity in response to 2-ketogluconate by complex formation in solution in the case of the P(toxA) promoter, or via the formation of a DNA loop as in the regulation of gluconate catabolic genes. Data suggest two different mechanisms of control exerted by the same regulator.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.