ArticleJournal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)2012
GB virus C envelope protein E2 inhibits TCR-induced IL-2 production and alters IL-2-signaling pathways.
Article in Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- Human Pegivirus Infection and Lymphoma Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2020Pooled it
- Downregulation of Cytokines and Chemokines by GB Virus C After Transmission Via Blood Transfusion in HIV-Positive Blood Recipients.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2015Trial
- Characterization of Serotype-Specific Dengue Virus T-Cell Inhibition.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Characterization of "Off-Target" Immune Modulation Induced by Live Attenuated Yellow Fever Vaccine.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Review of human pegivirus: Prevalence, transmission, pathogenesis, and clinical implication.Virulence · 2022Review
- A short hepatitis C virus NS5A peptide expression by AAV vector modulates human T cell activation and reduces vector immunogenicity.Gene therapy · 2022Article
- Human Pegivirus Type 1: A Common Human Virus That Is Beneficial in Immune-Mediated Disease?Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Role of human Pegivirus infections in whole Plasmodium falciparum sporozoite vaccination and controlled human malaria infection in African volunteers.Virology journal · 2021Article
- Human Pegivirus infection and lymphoma risk and prognosis: a North American study.British journal of haematology · 2018Article
- Yellow Fever Virus, but Not Zika Virus or Dengue Virus, Inhibits T-Cell Receptor-Mediated T-Cell Function by an RNA-Based Mechanism.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2017Article
- Hepatitis C virus infection inhibits a Src-kinase regulatory phosphatase and reduces T cell activation in vivo.PLoS pathogens · 2017Article
- Detection of GB virus C genomic sequence in the cerebrospinal fluid of a HIV-infected patient in China: a case report and literature review.Epidemiology and infection · 2016Review
- Human Pegivirus (HPgV; formerly known as GBV-C) inhibits IL-12 dependent natural killer cell function.Virology · 2015Article
- Label-Free Biosensing with High Selectivity in Complex Media using Microtoroidal Optical Resonators.Scientific reports · 2015Article
- Tropism of human pegivirus (formerly known as GB virus C/hepatitis G virus) and host immunomodulation: insights into a highly successful viral infection.The Journal of general virology · 2015Review
- GB virus C coinfections in west African Ebola patients.Journal of virology · 2015Article
- GBV-C infection and risk of NHL among U.S. adults.Cancer research · 2014Article
- Human pegivirus RNA is found in multiple blood mononuclear cells in vivo and serum-derived viral RNA-containing particles are infectious in vitro.The Journal of general virology · 2014Article
- A novel T cell evasion mechanism in persistent RNA virus infection.Transactions of the American Clinical and Climatological Association · 2014Review
- GB virus C infection and B-cell, natural killer cell, and monocyte activation markers in HIV-infected individuals.AIDS (London, England) · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
GB virus type C (GBV-C) viremia is associated with reduced CD4+ T cell expansion following IL-2 therapy and with a reduction in T cell activation in HIV-infected individuals. The mechanism(s) by which GBV-C might alter T cell activation or IL-2 signaling have not been studied. In this study, we assess IL-2 release, IL-2R expression, IL-2 signaling, and cell proliferation in tet-off Jurkat cells expressing the GBV-C envelope glycoprotein (E2) following activation through the TCR. TCR activation was induced by incubation in anti-CD3/CD28 Abs. IL-2 release was measured by ELISA, STAT5 phosphorylation was assessed by immunoblot, and IL-2Rα (CD25) expression and cell proliferation were determined by flow cytometry. IL-2 and IL-2Rα steady-state mRNA levels were measured by real-time PCR. GBV-C E2 expression significantly inhibited IL-2 release, CD25 expression, STAT5 phosphorylation, and cellular proliferation in Jurkat cells following activation through the TCR compared with control cell lines. Reducing E2 expression by doxycycline reversed the inhibitory effects observed in the E2-expressing cells. The N-terminal 219 aa of E2 was sufficient to inhibit IL-2 signaling. Addition of purified recombinant GBV-C E2 protein to primary human CD4+ and CD8+ T cells inhibited TCR activation-induced IL-2 release and upregulation of IL-2Rα expression. These data provide evidence that the GBV-C E2 protein may contribute to the block in CD4+ T cell expansion following IL-2 therapy in HIV-infected individuals. Furthermore, the effects of GBV-C on IL-2 and IL-2-signaling pathways may contribute to the reduction in chronic immune activation observed in GBV-C/HIV-coinfected individuals.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.