Evidence map›Paper›PMID 22841627›Full record

ArticleDevelopmental biology2012

Activation of germline-specific genes is required for limb regeneration in the Mexican axolotl.

Wei Zhu, Gerald M Pao, Akira Satoh, Gillian Cummings, James R Monaghan, Timothy T Harkins, Susan V Bryant, S Randal Voss, David M Gardiner, Tony Hunter

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Developmental biology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
31citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

31 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. The salamander blastema within the broader context of metazoan regeneration.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2023
    Review
  5. Transposon control as a checkpoint for tissue regeneration.Development (Cambridge, England) · 2022
    Article
  6. Rebuilding limbs, one cell at a time.Developmental dynamics : an official publication of the American Association of Anatomists · 2022
    Article
  7. A pan-metazoan concept for adult stem cells: the wobbling Penrose landscape.Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society · 2022
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Review
  12. Expression ofGenes · 2020
    Article
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Advances in Decoding Axolotl Limb Regeneration.Trends in genetics : TIG · 2017
    Review
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Wei ZhuSalk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
Gerald M Pao
Akira Satoh
Gillian Cummings
James R Monaghan
Timothy T Harkins
Susan V Bryant
S Randal Voss
David M Gardiner
Tony Hunter

Funding

Viral Vector Core (VVC)P30CA014195 · NCI · SALK INSTITUTE FOR BIOLOGICAL STUDIES · PI Reuben Shaw · 1985 to 2026
$82.8M
SOMATIC CELL CYCLE REGULATION BY PHOSPHORYLATIONR01CA080100 · NCI · SALK INSTITUTE FOR BIOLOGICAL STUDIES · PI HUNTER, TONY R. · 1999 to 2018
$13.1M
NCI NIH HHS CA14195NCI NIH HHS CA80100NCI NIH HHS P30 CA014195NCI NIH HHS R01 CA080100
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The capacity for tissue and organ regeneration in humans is dwarfed by comparison to that of salamanders. Emerging evidence suggests that mechanisms learned from the early phase of salamander limb regeneration-wound healing, cellular dedifferentiation and blastemal formation-will reveal therapeutic approaches for tissue regeneration in humans. Here we describe a unique transcriptional fingerprint of regenerating limb tissue in the Mexican axolotl (Ambystoma mexicanum) that is indicative of cellular reprogramming of differentiated cells to a germline-like state. Two genes that are required for self-renewal of germ cells in mice and flies, Piwi-like 1 (PL1) and Piwi-like 2 (PL2), are expressed in limb blastemal cells, the basal layer keratinocytes and the thickened apical epithelial cap in the wound epidermis in the regenerating limb. Depletion of PL1 and PL2 by morpholino oligonucleotides decreased cell proliferation and increased cell death in the blastema leading to a significant retardation of regeneration. Examination of key molecules that are known to be required for limb development or regeneration further revealed that FGF8 is transcriptionally downregulated in the presence of the morpholino oligos, indicating PL1 and PL2 might participate in FGF signaling during limb regeneration. Given the requirement for FGF signaling in limb development and regeneration, the results suggest that PL1 and PL2 function to establish a unique germline-like state that is associated with successful regeneration.

Indexed as

Ambystoma mexicanumAmino Acid SequenceAnimalsArgonaute ProteinsCell DifferentiationCell ProliferationExtremitiesGene Expression Regulation, DevelopmentalGene Knockdown TechniquesGerm CellsMolecular Sequence DataMorpholinosRegenerationWound HealingArgonaute ProteinsMorpholinos

Identifiers

PMID22841627
PMCPMC3755950

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.