Evidence map›Paper›PMID 22833560›Full record

ArticleMolecular biology of the cell2012

Placenta to cartilage: direct conversion of human placenta to chondrocytes with transformation by defined factors.

Ryuga Ishii, Daisuke Kami, Masashi Toyoda, Hatsune Makino, Satoshi Gojo, Toshiharu Ishii, Akihiro Umezawa

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Molecular biology of the cell, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
16citing papers in PubMed
2.0field-weighted citation impact, top 14% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

16 citing papers in PubMed, 31 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Ryuga IshiiDepartment of Reproductive Biology and Pathology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan.
Daisuke Kami
Masashi Toyoda
Hatsune Makino
Satoshi Gojo
Toshiharu Ishii
Akihiro Umezawa
National Institutes of Health · USToho University · JPTokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital · JP

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cellular differentiation and lineage commitment are considered to be robust and irreversible processes during development. Recent work has shown that mouse and human fibroblasts can be reprogrammed to a pluripotent state with a combination of four transcription factors. We hypothesized that combinatorial expression of chondrocyte-specific transcription factors could directly convert human placental cells into chondrocytes. Starting from a pool of candidate genes, we identified a combination of only five genes (5F pool)-BCL6, T (also called BRACHYURY), c-MYC, MITF, and BAF60C (also called SMARCD3)-that rapidly and efficiently convert postnatal human chorion and decidual cells into chondrocytes. The cells generated expressed multiple cartilage-specific genes, such as Collagen type II α1, LINK PROTEIN-1, and AGGRECAN, and exhibited characteristics of cartilage both in vivo and in vitro. Expression of the endogenous genes for T and MITF was initiated, implying that the cell conversion is due to not only the forced expression of the transgenes, but also to cellular reprogramming by the transgenes. This direct conversion system from noncartilage tissue to cartilaginous tissue is a substantial advance toward understanding cartilage development, cell-based therapy, and oncogenesis of chondrocytes.

Indexed as

Cell DedifferentiationAdultAnimalsBlotting, WesternBrachyury ProteinCartilageCells, CulturedChondrocytesChondrogenesisChorionChromosomal Proteins, Non-HistoneDeciduaDNA-Binding ProteinsFemaleFetal ProteinsGene Expression ProfilingBCL6 protein, humanBrachyury ProteinChromosomal Proteins, Non-HistoneDNA-Binding ProteinsFetal ProteinsMicrophthalmia-Associated Transcription FactorMITF protein, humanMYC protein, humanProto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-6Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mycSMARCD3 protein, humanT-Box Domain ProteinsTranscription Factors

Identifiers

PMID22833560
PMCPMC3442400
OpenAlexW2077961049

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-SA
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.