ArticlePLoS pathogens2012
The pore-forming toxin β hemolysin/cytolysin triggers p38 MAPK-dependent IL-10 production in macrophages and inhibits innate immunity.
Article in PLoS pathogens, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 59 citations in OpenAlex.
- Bacterial pore-forming toxins: mechanisms and implications for host immunity.Bioscience reports · 2026Review
- Virulence and pathogenicity of group BVirulence · 2025Review
- Vibrio cholerae cytolysin induces pro-inflammatory and death signals through novel TLR assembly.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- Article
- Neutrophil responsiveness to IL-10 impairs clearance of Streptococcus pneumoniae from the lungs.Journal of leukocyte biology · 2024Article
- Prevalence and Molecular Characteristics of Enterococci Isolated from Clinical Bovine Mastitis Cases in Ningxia.Infection and drug resistance · 2024Article
- Nitric Oxide Production and Effects in Group BPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Bacterial Toxins Are a Never-Ending Source of Surprises: From Natural Born Killers to Negotiators.Toxins · 2021Review
- Distinct Group BInfection and immunity · 2021Article
- Article
- Effects of Polysaccharide fromOxidative medicine and cellular longevity · 2020Article
- The three members of the Vav family proteins form complexes that concur to foam cell formation and atherosclerosis.Journal of lipid research · 2019Article
- CKIP-1 regulates the immunomodulatory function of mesenchymal stem cells.Molecular biology reports · 2019Article
- Interleukin-1 signaling induced by Streptococcus suis serotype 2 is strain-dependent and contributes to bacterial clearance and inflammation during systemic disease in a mouse model of infection.Veterinary research · 2019Article
- Erythrocyte-Coated Nanoparticles Block Cytotoxic Effects of Group BFrontiers in pediatrics · 2019Article
- Group B Streptococcal Maternal Colonization and Neonatal Disease: Molecular Mechanisms and Preventative Approaches.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2018Review
- A20 plays a critical role in the immunoregulatory function of mesenchymal stem cells.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2016Article
- Pathogenesis of Streptococcus urinary tract infection depends on bacterial strain and β-hemolysin/cytolysin that mediates cytotoxicity, cytokine synthesis, inflammation and virulence.Scientific reports · 2016Article
- Article
- Significant roles played by interleukin-10 in outcome of pregnancy.Iranian journal of basic medical sciences · 2016Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is a leading cause of invasive bacterial infections in human newborns and immune-compromised adults. The pore-forming toxin (PFT) β hemolysin/cytolysin (βh/c) is a major virulence factor for GBS, which is generally attributed to its cytolytic functions. Here we show βh/c has immunomodulatory properties on macrophages at sub-lytic concentrations. βh/c-mediated activation of p38 MAPK drives expression of the anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive cytokine IL-10, and inhibits both IL-12 and NOS2 expression in GBS-infected macrophages, which are critical factors in host defense. Isogenic mutant bacteria lacking βh/c fail to activate p38-mediated IL-10 production in macrophages and promote increased IL-12 and NOS2 expression. Furthermore, targeted deletion of p38 in macrophages increases resistance to invasive GBS infection in mice, associated with impaired IL-10 induction and increased IL-12 production in vivo. These data suggest p38 MAPK activation by βh/c contributes to evasion of host defense through induction of IL-10 expression and inhibition of macrophage activation, a new mechanism of action for a PFT and a novel anti-inflammatory role for p38 in the pathogenesis of invasive bacterial infection. Our studies suggest p38 MAPK may represent a new therapeutic target to blunt virulence and improve clinical outcome of invasive GBS infection.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.