ReviewIndian journal of pediatrics2013
Fetal programming and the risk of noncommunicable disease.
Review in Indian journal of pediatrics, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 128 citations in OpenAlex.
- Disparities in the Prevalence of Childhood Obesity-Related Comorbidities: A Systematic Review.Frontiers in public health · 2022Pooled it
- Severe malnutrition or famine exposure in childhood and cardiometabolic non-communicable disease later in life: a systematic review.BMJ global health · 2021Pooled it
- Prenatal Amino Acid Supplementation to Improve Fetal Growth: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Nutrients · 2020Pooled it
- Effect of behavior change communication through the health development army on birth weight of newborns in Ambo district, Ethiopia: a cluster randomized controlled community trial.BMC women's health · 2024Trial
- Prenatal sunlight in the second trimester predicts timing of menarche in Polish women born between 1985 and 1991.International journal of biometeorology · 2026Article
- The Motor Neuromuscular Axis: The Overlooked Element of Developmental Programming in Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Article
- Plant-Based Diet and Pregnancy-Related Disorders: A Narrative Review.Current nutrition reports · 2026Review
- Early-life nutrition supplementation and epigenetic age in middle-adulthood among Guatemalan adults.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Noncommunicable disease risk factors and predictors of hypertension among Gurkha veterans in Nepal: a community-based cross-sectional study.BMC public health · 2025Article
- The potential impact on tuberculosis of interventions to reduce undernutrition in the WHO South-East Asian Region: a modelling analysis.The Lancet regional health. Southeast Asia · 2024Article
- Adherence to plant-based diet during pregnancy and risk of gestational diabetes: a prospective birth cohort study.BMC nutrition · 2024Article
- Maternal Malnutrition and Elevated Disease Risk in Offspring.Nutrients · 2024Review
- Article
- Nutritional status of school-age children (5-19 years) in South Asia: A scoping review.Maternal & child nutrition · 2024Article
- Article
- Time trends, projections, and spatial distribution of low birthweight in Australia, 2009-2030: Evidence from the National Perinatal Data Collection.Birth (Berkeley, Calif.) · 2023Article
- From gut to placenta: understanding how the maternal microbiome models life-long conditions.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Review
- Impact of maternal protein restriction on Hypoxia-Inducible Factor (HIF) expression in male fetal kidney development.PloS one · 2023Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The "developmental origins of health and disease" (DOHaD) hypothesis proposes that environmental conditions during fetal and early post-natal development influence lifelong health and capacity through permanent effects on growth, structure and metabolism. This has been called 'programming'. The hypothesis is supported by epidemiological evidence in humans linking newborn size, and infant growth and nutrition, to adult health outcomes, and by experiments in animals showing that maternal under- and over-nutrition and other interventions (e.g., glucocorticoid exposure) during pregnancy lead to abnormal metabolism and body composition in the adult offspring. Early life programming is now thought to be important in the etiology of obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease, opening up the possibility that these common diseases could be prevented by achieving optimal fetal and infant development. This is likely to have additional benefits for infant survival and human capital (e.g., improved cognitive performance and physical work capacity). Fetal nutrition is influenced by the mother's diet and body size and composition, but hard evidence that the nutrition of the human mother programmes chronic disease risk in her offspring is currently limited. Recent findings from follow-up of children born after randomised nutritional interventions in pregnancy are mixed, but show some evidence of beneficial effects on vascular function, lipid concentrations, glucose tolerance and insulin resistance. Work in experimental animals suggests that epigenetic phenomena, whereby gene expression is modified by DNA methylation, and which are sensitive to the nutritional environment in early life, may be one mechanism underlying programming.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.