ArticleClinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research2012
Apricoxib, a novel inhibitor of COX-2, markedly improves standard therapy response in molecularly defined models of pancreatic cancer.
Article in Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 56 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prognostic significance of cyclooxygenase-2 protein in pancreatic cancer: a meta-analysis.Tumour biology : the journal of the International Society for Oncodevelopmental Biology and Medicine · 2014Pooled it
- A randomized, placebo-controlled, multicenter, biomarker-selected, phase 2 study of apricoxib in combination with erlotinib in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer.Journal of thoracic oncology : official publication of the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer · 2014Trial
- Cyclooxygenases in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: are they inflammatory catalysts for tumor growth.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- Synthesis and application of diazenyl sulfonamide-based schiff bases as potential BRCA2 active inhibitors against MCF-7 breast cancer cell line.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Eicosanoids in the pancreatic tumor microenvironment - a multicellular, multifaceted progression.Gastro hep advances · 2022Article
- Review
- EGFR, but not COX-2, protein in resected pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is associated with poor survival.Oncology letters · 2019Article
- Dihydropyrazole Derivatives Containing Benzo Oxygen Heterocycle and Sulfonamide Moieties Selectively and Potently Inhibit COX-2: Design, Synthesis, and Anti-Colon Cancer Activity Evaluation.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Article
- Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibition Potentiates the Efficacy of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Blockade and Promotes an Immune Stimulatory Microenvironment in Preclinical Models of Pancreatic Cancer.Molecular cancer research : MCR · 2019Article
- Pharmaceutical and medicinal significance of sulfur (SEuropean journal of medicinal chemistry · 2019Review
- Dihomo-γ-linolenic acid inhibits growth of xenograft tumors in mice bearing human pancreatic cancer cells (BxPC-3) transfected with delta-5-desaturase shRNA.Redox biology · 2019Article
- Development of a nanoliposomal formulation of erlotinib for lung cancer and in vitro/in vivo antitumoral evaluation.Drug design, development and therapy · 2018Article
- HA/HSA co-modified erlotinib-albumin nanoparticles for lung cancer treatment.Drug design, development and therapy · 2018Article
- Celecoxib normalizes the tumor microenvironment and enhances small nanotherapeutics delivery to A549 tumors in nude mice.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- Inhibition of cancer migration and invasion by knocking down delta-5-desaturase in COX-2 overexpressed cancer cells.Redox biology · 2017Article
- Knockdown delta-5-desaturase promotes the formation of a novel free radical byproduct from COX-catalyzed ω-6 peroxidation to induce apoptosis and sensitize pancreatic cancer cells to chemotherapy drugs.Free radical biology & medicine · 2016Article
- New Insights on COX-2 in Chronic Inflammation Driving Breast Cancer Growth and Metastasis.Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia · 2015Review
- COX-2 promotes metastasis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma by mediating interactions between cancer cells and myeloid-derived suppressor cells.Oncoimmunology · 2015Article
- Activity cliffs and activity cliff generators based on chemotype-related activity landscapes.Molecular diversity · 2015Article
- Angiostatic treatment prior to chemo- or photodynamic therapy improves anti-tumor efficacy.Scientific reports · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeCOX-2 is expressed highly in pancreatic cancer and implicated in tumor progression. COX-2 inhibition can reduce tumor growth and augment therapy. The precise function of COX-2 in tumors remains poorly understood, but it is implicated in tumor angiogenesis, evasion of apoptosis, and induction of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Current therapeutic regimens for pancreatic cancer are minimally effective, highlighting the need for novel treatment strategies. Here, we report that apricoxib, a novel COX-2 inhibitor in phase II clinical trials, significantly enhances the efficacy of gemcitabine/erlotinib in preclinical models of pancreatic cancer. EXPERIMENTAL
designHuman pancreatic cell lines were evaluated in vitro and in vivo for response to apricoxib ± standard-of-care therapy (gemcitabine + erlotinib). Tumor tissue underwent posttreatment analysis for cell proliferation, viability, and EMT phenotype. Vascular parameters were also determined.
resultsCOX-2 inhibition reduced the IC(50) of gemcitabine ± erlotinib in six pancreatic cancer cell lines tested in vitro. Furthermore, apricoxib increased the antitumor efficacy of standard combination therapy in several orthotopic xenograft models. In vivo apricoxib combination therapy was only effective at reducing tumor growth and metastasis in tumors with elevated COX-2 activity. In each model examined, treatment with apricoxib resulted in vascular normalization without a decrease in microvessel density and promotion of an epithelial phenotype by tumor cells regardless of basal COX-2 expression.
conclusionsApricoxib robustly reverses EMT and augments standard therapy without reducing microvessel density and warrants further clinical evaluation in patients with pancreatic cancer.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.