ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2012
HLA-B may be more protective against HIV-1 than HLA-A because it resists negative regulatory factor (Nef) mediated down-regulation.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 56 citations in OpenAlex.
- A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW ON THE INFLUENCE OF HLA-B POLYMORPHISMS ON HIV-1 MOTHER-TO-CHILD-TRANSMISSION.The Brazilian journal of infectious diseases : an official publication of the Brazilian Society of Infectious DiseasesPooled it
- Entering the Age of Specificity in T Cell Immunity.Immunological reviews · 2026Review
- MicroRNAs Regulated by Pregnancy Target Antiviral and Cancer Immunity Overlapping with the HIV Interactome.Viruses · 2026Article
- Viral manipulation of the HLA class I antigen processing and presentation pathway.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Recognition of HIV-1-infected fibrocytes lacking Nef-mediated HLA-B downregulation by HIV-1-specific T cells.Journal of virology · 2024Article
- Association between low levels of HIV-1 DNA and HLA class I molecules in chronic HIV-1 infection.PloS one · 2022Article
- An immunodominant NPNature immunology · 2022Article
- HIV-1 elite controllers: an immunovirological review and clinical perspectives.Journal of virus eradication · 2019Article
- HLA-B locus products resist degradation by the human cytomegalovirus immunoevasin US11.PLoS pathogens · 2019Article
- Downregulation of MHC Class I Expression by Influenza A and B Viruses.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Article
- HLA Class I Downregulation by HIV-1 Variants from Subtype C Transmission Pairs.Journal of virology · 2018Article
- Analysis of the CD8Immunogenetics · 2018Article
- Association of Diverse Genotypes and Phenotypes of Immune Cells and Immunoglobulins With the Course of HIV-1 Infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Review
- Resistance of Major Histocompatibility Complex Class B (MHC-B) to Nef-Mediated Downregulation Relative to that of MHC-A Is Conserved among Primate Lentiviruses and Influences Antiviral T Cell Responses in HIV-1-Infected Individuals.Journal of virology · 2018Article
- Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) and Immune Regulation: How Do Classical and Non-Classical HLA Alleles Modulate Immune Response to Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Hepatitis C Virus Infections?Frontiers in immunology · 2017Review
- Elimination of Latently HIV-infected Cells from Antiretroviral Therapy-suppressed Subjects by Engineered Immune-mobilizing T-cell Receptors.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2016Article
- HIV-1 Vpu Mediates HLA-C Downregulation.Cell host & microbe · 2016Article
- Relative Resistance of HLA-B to Downregulation by Naturally Occurring HIV-1 Nef Sequences.mBio · 2016Article
- Consequences of HLA-B*13-Associated Escape Mutations on HIV-1 Replication and Nef Function.Journal of virology · 2015Article
- The immunogenetics of multiple sclerosis: A comprehensive review.Journal of autoimmunity · 2015Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Human leukocyte antigen HLA-B alleles have better protective activity against HIV-1 than HLA-A alleles, possibly due to differences in HLA-restricted HIV-1-specific CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) function, but the mechanism is unknown. HIV-1 negative regulatory factor (Nef) mediates down-regulation of surface expression of class I HLA (HLA-I) and may therefore impair immune recognition by CTL. Because of sequence differences in the cytoplasmic domains, HLA-A and -B are down-regulated by Nef but HLA-C and -E are not affected. However, the latter are expressed at low levels and are not of major importance in the CTL responses to HIV-1. Here, we compared the role of the cytoplasmic domains of HLA-A and -B in Nef-mediated escape from CTL. We found HLA-B cytoplasmic domains were more resistant to Nef-mediated down-regulation than HLA-A cytoplasmic domains and demonstrated that these differences affect CTL recognition of virus-infected cells in vitro. We propose that the relative resistance to Nef-mediated down-regulation by the cytoplasmic domains of HLA-B compared with HLA-A contributes to the better control of HIV-1 infection associated with HLA-B-restricted CTLs.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.