Trial reportArthritis research & therapy2012
The effect of smoking and alcohol consumption on markers of systemic inflammation, immunoglobulin levels and immune response following pneumococcal vaccination in patients with arthritis.
Trial report in Arthritis research & therapy, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT00828997 (Effects of Different Anti-rheumatic Treatments of Arthritis on Antibody Response Following Pneumococcal Vaccination Using Prevenar®), which is not on this map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effects of Different Anti-rheumatic Treatments of Arthritis on Antibody Response Following Pneumococcal Vaccination Using Prevenar®
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- Evaluating the use of UromuneBMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Does Tobacco Smoking Affect Vaccine-Induced Immune Response? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Vaccines · 2024Review
- Immunological Signatures in Blood and Urine in 80 Individuals Hospitalized during the Initial Phase of COVID-19 Pandemic with Quantified Nicotine Exposure.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- [AF4/FMR2 and IL-10 gene single nucleotide polymorphisms are correlated with disease susceptibility and immune infiltration in ankylosing spondylitis].Nan fang yi ke da xue xue bao = Journal of Southern Medical University · 2023Article
- J-Shaped Association of Tomato Intake with New-Onset Hypertension in General Adults: A Nationwide Prospective Cohort Study.Nutrients · 2022Article
- Immunoglobulin deficiencies in treated patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis.Rheumatology international · 2021Article
- Changes in Alcohol Use and Associations With Disease Activity, Health Status, and Mortality in Rheumatoid Arthritis.Arthritis care & research · 2020Article
- Factors influencing erythrocyte sedimentation rate in adults: New evidence for an old test.Medicine · 2019Article
- Affective immunology: where emotions and the immune response converge.Dialogues in clinical neuroscience · 2017Review
- Smoking, Porphyromonas gingivalis and the immune response to citrullinated autoantigens before the clinical onset of rheumatoid arthritis in a Southern European nested case-control study.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2015Article
- Effect of cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption on disease activity and physical functioning in ankylosing spondylitis: a cross-sectional study.International journal of clinical and experimental medicine · 2015Article
- Nicotine: Carcinogenicity and Effects on Response to Cancer Treatment - A Review.Frontiers in oncology · 2015Review
- Respiratory risks from household air pollution in low and middle income countries.The Lancet. Respiratory medicine · 2014Review
- [Prophylaxis and treatment of infections in elderly patients with rheumatism].Zeitschrift fur Rheumatologie · 2014Article
- Impact of anti-rheumatic treatment on immunogenicity of pandemic H1N1 influenza vaccine in patients with arthritis.Arthritis research & therapy · 2014Article
- Article
- New directions in nicotine vaccine design and use.Advances in pharmacology (San Diego, Calif.) · 2014Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionThe purpose of this research was to study the influence of cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption on immune response to heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine, immunoglobulin levels (Ig) and markers of systemic inflammation in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) or spondylarthropathy (SpA).
methodsIn total, 505 patients were vaccinated. Six pre-specified groups were enrolled: RA on methotrexate (MTX) treatment in some cases other disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) (I); RA on anti-tumour necrosis factor (TNF) as monotherapy (II); RA on anti-TNF+MTX+ possibly other DMARDs (III); SpA on anti-TNF as monotherapy (IV); SpA on anti-TNF+MTX+ possibly other DMARDs (V); and SpA on nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and/or analgesics (VI). Smoking (pack-years) and alcohol consumption (g/week) were calculated from patient questionnaires. Ig, C-reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) were determined at vaccination. IgG antibodies against serotypes 23F and 6B were measured at vaccination and after four to six weeks using standard ELISA. Immune response (ratio between post- and pre-vaccination antibodies; immune response (IR)) and positive immune response (≥2-fold increase in pre-vaccination antibodies; posIR) were calculated.
resultsEighty-eight patients (17.4%) were current smokers. Smokers had higher CRP and ESR, lower IgG and lower IR for both serotypes (P between 0.012 and 0.045). RA patients on MTX who smoked ≥1pack-year had lower posIR for both serotypes (P = 0.021; OR 0.29; CI 0.1 to 0.7) compared to never-smokers. Alcohol consumption was associated with lower CRP (P = 0.05) and ESR (P = 0.003) but did not influence IR or Ig levels.
conclusionSmoking predicted impaired immune response to pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in RA patients on MTX. Smokers with arthritis had higher inflammatory markers and lower IgG regardless of diagnosis and treatment. Low to moderate alcohol consumption was related to lower levels of inflammation markers but had no impact on immune response.
trial registrationEudraCT EU 2007-006539-29 and NCT00828997.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.