ArticleCarcinogenesis2012
Red meat and poultry, cooking practices, genetic susceptibility and risk of prostate cancer: results from a multiethnic case-control study.
Article in Carcinogenesis, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 74 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dietary meat mutagens intake and cancer risk: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Pooled it
- A review and meta-analysis of prospective studies of red and processed meat, meat cooking methods, heme iron, heterocyclic amines and prostate cancer.Nutrition journal · 2015Pooled it
- Association of CYP1B1 L432V polymorphism with urinary cancer susceptibility: a meta-analysis.Diagnostic pathology · 2014Pooled it
- Dietary factors and risk for advanced prostate cancer.European journal of cancer prevention : the official journal of the European Cancer Prevention Organisation (ECP) · 2014Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Prostate cancer risk reduction: promising prevention practices and insights.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2025Review
- Biomonitoring PhIP, a Potential Prostatic Carcinogen, in the Hair of Healthy Men of African and European Ancestry.Toxics · 2025Article
- The impact of diet and gut microbiota on development, treatment, and prognosis in prostate cancer.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Review
- An early-onset specific polygenic risk score optimizes age-based risk estimate and stratification of prostate cancer: population-based cohort study.Journal of translational medicine · 2024Article
- Causal association of dietary factors with five common cancers: univariate and multivariate Mendelian randomization studies.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Article
- Polymorphisms in the gene encoding CYP1A2 influence prostate cancer risk and progression.Oncology letters · 2023Article
- The Cooked Meat Carcinogen 2-Amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-Chemical research in toxicology · 2022Review
- Cancer Epidemiology in Hispanic Populations: What Have We Learned and Where Do We Need to Make Progress?Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2022Review
- Association between environmental quality and prostate cancer stage at diagnosis.Prostate cancer and prostatic diseases · 2021Article
- Metabolism and biomarkers of heterocyclic aromatic amines in humans.Genes and environment : the official journal of the Japanese Environmental Mutagen Society · 2021Review
- Oxidative Stress, Diet and Prostate Cancer.The world journal of men's health · 2021Review
- Human microbiome and prostate cancer development: current insights into the prevention and treatment.Frontiers of medicine · 2021Review
- Country-Level Relationships of the Human Intake of N and P, Animal and Vegetable Food, and Alcoholic Beverages with Cancer and Life Expectancy.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- Dietary Carcinogens and DNA Adducts in Prostate Cancer.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2019Review
- Prostate Cancer Incidence is Correlated to Total Meat Intake– a Cross-National Ecologic Analysis of 172 CountriesAsian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Red meat, processed and unprocessed, has been considered a potential prostate cancer (PCA) risk factor; epidemiological evidence, however, is inconclusive. An association between meat intake and PCA may be due to potent chemical carcinogens that are generated when meats are cooked at high temperatures. We investigated the association between red meat and poultry intake and localized and advanced PCA taking into account cooking practices and polymorphisms in enzymes that metabolize carcinogens that accumulate in cooked meats. We analyzed data for 1096 controls, 717 localized and 1140 advanced cases from the California Collaborative Prostate Cancer Study, a multiethnic, population-based case-control study. We examined nutrient density-adjusted intake of red meat and poultry and tested for effect modification by 12 SNPs and 2 copy number variants in 10 carcinogen metabolism genes: GSTP1, PTGS2, CYP1A2, CYP2E1, EPHX1, CYP1B1, UGT1A6, NAT2, GSTM1 and GSTT1. We observed a positive association between risk of advanced PCA and high intake of red meat cooked at high temperatures (trend P = 0.026), cooked by pan-frying (trend P = 0.035), and cooked until well-done (trend P = 0.013). An inverse association was observed for baked poultry and advanced PCA risk (trend P = 0.023). A gene-by-diet interaction was observed between an SNP in the PTGS2 gene and the estimated levels of meat mutagens (interaction P = 0.008). Our results support a role for carcinogens that accumulate in meats cooked at high temperatures as potential PCA risk factors, and may support a role for heterocyclic amines (HCAs) in PCA etiology.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.