Trial reportBMJ (Clinical research ed.)2012
Effect of communicating DNA based risk assessments for Crohn's disease on smoking cessation: randomised controlled trial.
Trial report in BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of active travel interventions in the UK on disadvantaged population groups and their potential to reduce health inequalities: systematic review.Journal of epidemiology and community health · 2026Pooled it
- Calorie (energy) labelling for changing selection and consumption of food or alcohol.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Visualising health risks with medical imaging for changing recipients' health behaviours and risk factors: Systematic review with meta-analysis.PLoS medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Interventions to increase adherence to medications for tobacco dependence.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2019Pooled it
- Biomedical risk assessment as an aid for smoking cessation.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2019Pooled it
- The impact of communicating genetic risks of disease on risk-reducing health behaviour: systematic review with meta-analysis.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2016Pooled it
- Trial
- Changes in Physical Activity Following a Genetic-Based Internet-Delivered Personalized Intervention: Randomized Controlled Trial (Food4Me).Journal of medical Internet research · 2016Trial
- Genetic susceptibility testing and readiness to control weight: Results from a randomized controlled trial.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2015Trial
- Returning Genetic Information About Risk for Alcohol Use Disorder to Adolescents: Findings of a Preliminary Qualitative Study of Precision Prevention.AJPM focus · 2024Article
- Interest in genetic testing and risk-reducing behavioral changes: results from a community health assessment in New York City.Journal of community genetics · 2022Article
- Age-related macular degeneration: genome-wide association studies to translation.Genetics in medicine : official journal of the American College of Medical Genetics · 2016Review
- The impact ofGenes & nutrition · 2016Article
- Social and behavioral research in genomic sequencing: approaches from the Clinical Sequencing Exploratory Research Consortium Outcomes and Measures Working Group.Genetics in medicine : official journal of the American College of Medical Genetics · 2014Review
- Responses to FTO genetic test feedback for obesity in a sample of overweight adults: a qualitative analysis.Genes & nutrition · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo test the hypothesis that communicating risk of developing Crohn's disease based on genotype and that stopping smoking can reduce this risk, motivates behaviour change among smokers at familial risk.
designParallel group, cluster randomised controlled trial.
settingFamilies with Crohn's disease in the United Kingdom.
participants497 smokers (mean age 42.6 (SD 14.4) years) who were first degree relatives of probands with Crohn's disease, with outcomes assessed on 209/251 (based on DNA analysis) and 217/246 (standard risk assessment).
interventionCommunication of risk assessment for Crohn's disease by postal booklet based on family history of the disease and smoking status alone, or with additional DNA analysis for the NOD2 genotype. Participants were then telephoned by a National Health Service Stop Smoking counsellor to review the booklet and deliver brief standard smoking cessation intervention. Calls were tape recorded and a random subsample selected to assess fidelity to the clinical protocol.
main outcome measureThe primary outcome was smoking cessation for 24 hours or longer, assessed at six months.
resultsThe proportion of participants stopping smoking for 24 hours or longer did not differ between arms: 35% (73/209) in the DNA arm versus 36% (78/217) in the non-DNA arm (difference -1%, 95% confidence interval -10% to 8%, P=0.83). The proportion making a quit attempt within the DNA arm did not differ between those who were told they had mutations putting them at increased risk (36%), those told they had none (35%), and those in the non-DNA arm (36%).
conclusionAmong relatives of patients with Crohn's disease, feedback of DNA based risk assessments does not motivate behaviour change to reduce risk any more or less than standard risk assessment. These findings accord with those across a range of populations and behaviours. They do not support the promulgation of commercial DNA based tests nor the search for gene variants that confer increased risk of common complex diseases on the basis that they effectively motivate health related behaviour change.
trial registrationCurrent Controlled Trials ISRCTN21633644.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.