ArticlePloS one2012
Cerebrospinal fluid neopterin as marker of the meningo-encephalitic stage of Trypanosoma brucei gambiense sleeping sickness.
Article in PloS one, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sleep-Wake Dysregulation in Human African Trypanosomiasis: From Neuroinvasion to Neuronal Dysfunction.Clocks & sleep · 2026Review
- Microarray profiling predicts early neurological and immune phenotypic traits in advance of CNS disease during disease progression in Trypanosoma. b. brucei infected CD1 mouse brains.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2021Article
- Generation of neuroinflammation in human African trypanosomiasis.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2019Review
- Neopterin and CXCL-13 in Diagnosis and Follow-Up ofBioMed research international · 2019Article
- Clinical and Neuropathogenetic Aspects of Human African Trypanosomiasis.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Review
- Mortality trends and risk factors in advanced stage-2 Human African Trypanosomiasis: A critical appraisal of 23 years of experience in the Democratic Republic of Congo.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2018Article
- Expression of interferon-inducible chemokines and sleep/wake changes during early encephalitis in experimental African trypanosomiasis.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2017Article
- Metabolomics Identifies Multiple Candidate Biomarkers to Diagnose and Stage Human African Trypanosomiasis.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2016Article
- The role of cytokines in the pathogenesis and staging of Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense sleeping sickness.Allergy, asthma, and clinical immunology : official journal of the Canadian Society of Allergy and Clinical Immunology · 2016Review
- Overview of the Diagnostic Methods Used in the Field for Human African Trypanosomiasis: What Could Change in the Next Years?BioMed research international · 2015Review
- CXCL13 and neopterin concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with Lyme neuroborreliosis and other diseases that cause neuroinflammation.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2014Article
- Tryps and trips: cell trafficking across the 100-year-old blood-brain barrier.Trends in neurosciences · 2014Review
- New biomarkers for stage determination in Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense sleeping sickness patients.Clinical and translational medicine · 2013Article
- Neopterin in Diagnosis and Monitoring of Infectious Diseases.Journal of biomarkers · 2013Review
- IL-6 is upregulated in late-stage disease in monkeys experimentally infected with Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense.Clinical & developmental immunology · 2013Article
- The miRNA and mRNA Signatures of Peripheral Blood Cells in Humans Infected with Trypanosoma brucei gambiense.PloS one · 2013Article
- Neopterin is a cerebrospinal fluid marker for treatment outcome evaluation in patients affected by Trypanosoma brucei gambiense sleeping sickness.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2013Article
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Authors and funding
16 authors at 10 institutions in 8 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundSleeping sickness, or human African trypanosomiasis (HAT), is a protozoan disease that affects rural communities in sub-Saharan Africa. Determination of the disease stage, essential for correct treatment, represents a key issue in the management of patients. In the present study we evaluated the potential of CXCL10, CXCL13, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, MMP-9, B2MG, neopterin and IgM to complement current methods for staging Trypanosoma brucei gambiense patients. METHODS AND
findingsFive hundred and twelve T. b. gambiense HAT patients originated from Angola, Chad and the Democratic Republic of the Congo (D.R.C.). Their classification as stage 2 (S2) was based on the number of white blood cells (WBC) (>5/µL) or presence of parasites in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The CSF concentration of the eight markers was first measured on a training cohort encompassing 100 patients (44 S1 and 56 S2). IgM and neopterin were the best in discriminating between the two stages of disease with 86.4% and 84.1% specificity respectively, at 100% sensitivity. When a validation cohort (412 patients) was tested, neopterin (14.3 nmol/L) correctly classified 88% of S1 and S2 patients, confirming its high staging power. On this second cohort, neopterin also predicted both the presence of parasites, and of neurological signs, with the same ability as IgM and WBC, the current reference for staging.
conclusionsThis study has demonstrated that neopterin is an excellent biomarker for staging T. b. gambiense HAT patients. A rapid diagnostic test for detecting this metabolite in CSF could help in more accurate stage determination.
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