ArticleClinical and vaccine immunology : CVI2012
Structural and immunological analysis of anthrax recombinant protective antigen adsorbed to aluminum hydroxide adjuvant.
Article in Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Systematic review of potential health risks posed by pharmaceutical, occupational and consumer exposures to metallic and nanoscale aluminum, aluminum oxides, aluminum hydroxide and its soluble salts.Critical reviews in toxicology · 2014Pooled it
- Human anthrax vaccines: Current status and future prospects.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Review
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- Immunogenicity of PvCyRPA, PvCelTOS and Pvs25 chimeric recombinant protein ofFrontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Receptor-enhanced immunogenicity of anthrax protective antigen is primarily mediated by capillary morphogenesis Protein-2.Vaccine · 2022Article
- Role of site-directed mutagenesis and adjuvants in the stability and potency of anthrax protective antigen.Saudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society · 2022Review
- Designing StablePharmaceutics · 2022Article
- New formulation of a recombinant anthrax vaccine stabilised with structurally modified plant viruses.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- Two approaches for the stabilization ofHuman vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2021Article
- Article
- Article
- Unraveling the enigma: elucidating the relationship between the physicochemical properties of aluminium-based adjuvants and their immunological mechanisms of action.Allergy, asthma, and clinical immunology : official journal of the Canadian Society of Allergy and Clinical Immunology · 2018Review
- Optimizing the utilization of aluminum adjuvants in vaccines: you might just get what you want.NPJ vaccines · 2018Review
- Influence of protein fold stability on immunogenicity and its implications for vaccine design.Expert review of vaccines · 2017Review
- A Bivalent Anthrax-Plague Vaccine That Can Protect against Two Tier-1 Bioterror Pathogens,Frontiers in immunology · 2017Article
- Mechanistic Analysis of the Effect of Deamidation on the Immunogenicity of Anthrax Protective Antigen.Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI · 2016Article
- Article
- Development of a highly thermostable, adjuvanted human papillomavirus vaccine.European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics : official journal of Arbeitsgemeinschaft fur Pharmazeutische Verfahrenstechnik e.V · 2015Article
- Glassy-state stabilization of a dominant negative inhibitor anthrax vaccine containing aluminum hydroxide and glycopyranoside lipid A adjuvants.Journal of pharmaceutical sciences · 2015Article
- Identification of peptide sequences as a measure of Anthrax vaccine stability during storage.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
New anthrax vaccines currently under development are based on recombinant protective antigen (rPA) and formulated with aluminum adjuvant. Because long-term stability is a desired characteristic of these vaccines, an understanding of the effects of adsorption to aluminum adjuvants on the structure of rPA is important. Using both biophysical and immunological techniques, we compared the structure and immunogenicity of freshly prepared rPA-Alhydrogel formulations to that of formulations stored for 3 weeks at either room temperature or 37°C in order to assess the changes in rPA structure that might occur upon long-term storage on aluminum adjuvant. Intrinsic fluorescence emission spectra of tryptophan residues indicated that some tertiary structure alterations of rPA occurred during storage on Alhydrogel. Using anti-PA monoclonal antibodies to probe specific regions of the adsorbed rPA molecule, we found that two monoclonal antibodies that recognize epitopes located in domain 1 of PA exhibited greater reactivity to the stored formulations than to freshly prepared formulations. Immunogenicity of rPA-Alhydrogel formulations in mice was assessed by measuring the induction of toxin-neutralizing antibodies, as well as antibodies reactive to 12-mer peptides spanning the length of PA. Mice immunized with freshly prepared formulations developed significantly higher toxin-neutralizing antibody titers than mice immunized with the stored preparations. In contrast, sera from mice immunized with stored preparations exhibited increased reactivity to nine 12-mer peptides corresponding to sequences located throughout the rPA molecule. These results demonstrate that storage of rPA-Alhydrogel formulations can lead to structural alteration of the protein and loss of the ability to elicit toxin-neutralizing antibodies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.