ArticleOsteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA2013
Calcaneal ultrasound reference ranges for Australian men and women: the Geelong Osteoporosis Study.
Article in Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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3 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Patterns and Correlates of Bone Mineral Density Parameters Measured Using Calcaneus Quantitative Ultrasound in Chinese Adults.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Higher risk of osteoporosis in adult-onset asthma than childhood-onset asthma: from genetic and prospective evidence.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2024Article
- The contribution of musculoskeletal factors to physical frailty: a cross-sectional study.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2021Article
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6 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
unlabelledHeel ultrasound is a more portable modality for assessing fracture risk than dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and does not use ionising radiation. Fracture risk assessment requires appropriate reference data to enable comparisons. This study reports the first heel ultrasound reference ranges for the Australian population.
introductionThis study aimed to develop calcaneal (heel) ultrasound reference ranges for the Australian adult population using a population-based random sample.
methodsMen and women aged≥20 years were randomly selected from the Barwon Statistical Division in 2001-2006 and 1993-1997, respectively, using the electoral roll. Broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA), speed of sound (SOS) and stiffness index (SI) were measured at the heel using a Lunar Achilles Ultrasonometer. Gender-specific means and standard deviations for BUA, SOS and SI were calculated for the entire sample (men 20-93 years, n=1,104; women 20-92 years, n=914) and for participants aged 20-29 years (men, n=157; women, n=151). Associations between ultrasound measures and age were examined using linear regression.
resultsFor men, mean±standard deviation BUA, SOS and SI were 118.7±15.8 dB/MHz, 1,577.0±43.7 m/s and 100.5±20.7, respectively; values for women were consistently lower (111.0±16.4 dB/MHz, P<0.001; 1,571.0±39.0 m/s, P=0.001; and 93.7±20.3, P<0.001, respectively). BUA was higher in young men compared with young women (124.5±14.4 vs 121.0±15.1 dB/MHz), but SOS (1,590.1±43.1 vs 1,592.5±35.0 m/s) and SI (108.0±19.9 vs 106.3±17.7) were not. The relationships between age and each ultrasound measure were linear and negative across the age range in men; associations were also negative in women but non-linear.
conclusionThese data provide reference standards to facilitate the assessment of fracture risk in an Australian population using heel ultrasound.
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