ArticleJournal of the International AIDS Society2012
Lipodystrophy among HIV-infected children and adolescents on highly active antiretroviral therapy in Uganda: a cross sectional study.
Article in Journal of the International AIDS Society, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 57 citations in OpenAlex.
- Optimisation of antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected children under 3 years of age.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2014Pooled it
- Abacavir, zidovudine, or stavudine as paediatric tablets for African HIV-infected children (CHAPAS-3): an open-label, parallel-group, randomised controlled trial.The Lancet. Infectious diseases · 2016Trial
- Alterations in lipid profiles in children with perinatally acquired HIV infection living in Ghana: A cross-sectional study.PloS one · 2025Article
- Caregivers of children with HIV in Botswana prefer monthly IV Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies (bNAbs) to daily oral ART.PloS one · 2024Article
- High levels of viral repression, malnutrition and second-line ART use in adolescents living with HIV: a mixed methods study from Myanmar.BMC infectious diseases · 2020Article
- Insulin Resistance in South African Youth Living with Perinatally Acquired HIV Receiving Antiretroviral Therapy.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2019Article
- The Lipodystrophy Syndrome in HIV-Infected Children under Antiretroviral Therapy: A First Report from the Central Africa.International journal of pediatrics · 2019Article
- Low prevalence of lipodystrophy in HIV-infected Senegalese children on long-term antiretroviral treatment: the ANRS 12279 MAGGSEN Pediatric Cohort Study.BMC infectious diseases · 2018Article
- Serum lipid and glucose profiles in HIV-positive Nigerian children.Journal of virus eradication · 2017Article
- Universal antiretroviral therapy for HIV-infected children: a review of the benefits and risks to consider during implementation.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2017Review
- Dyslipidemia and its Correlates among HIV Infected Children on HAART Attending Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital.International clinical pathology journal · 2017Article
- High Prevalence of Dyslipidemia and Insulin Resistance in HIV-infected Prepubertal African Children on Antiretroviral Therapy.The Pediatric infectious disease journal · 2016Article
- Prevalence of lipodystrophy and metabolic abnormalities in HIV-infected African children after 3 years on first-line antiretroviral therapy.The Pediatric infectious disease journal · 2015Article
- Anti-infective use in children and pregnancy: current deficiencies and future challenges.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2015Article
- Getting to 90-90-90 in paediatric HIV: What is needed?Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2015Article
- The physical and psychological effects of HIV infection and its treatment on perinatally HIV-infected children.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2015Article
- Durability of antiretroviral therapy and predictors of virologic failure among perinatally HIV-infected children in Tanzania: a four-year follow-up.BMC infectious diseases · 2014Article
- Article
- Lipodystrophy syndrome among HIV infected children on highly active antiretroviral therapy in northern India.African health sciences · 2014Article
- Impact of second-line antiretroviral regimens on lipid profiles in an African setting: the DART trial sub-study.AIDS research and therapy · 2014Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundWith widespread use of antiretroviral therapy (ART) and prolonged survival of HIV-infected children, toxicities like lipodystrophy are becoming more evident. Little is known about lipodystrophy in children in Uganda yet there is increased use of ART. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and factors associated with fat redistribution and metabolic abnormalities among HIV-infected children on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in Uganda.
methodsA cross-sectional study of 364 HIV positive children aged between 2 and 18 years on ART were enrolled after consent and assent as appropriate. Sociodemographic, clinical and immunological data were collected and recorded in a questionnaire. Fat redistribution was assessed clinically for physical findings of lipohypertrophy and lipoatrophy. A fasting blood sample was taken for lipid profile and blood glucose analysis. Lipodystrophy was defined as presence of abnormal fat redistribution or metabolic abnormalities or both. The proportion of children with fat redistribution and metabolic abnormalities was calculated. We conducted multivariate analysis for factors associated with lipodystrophy among children with lipodystrophic features and those without.
resultsThe median age of the participants was eight years (range 2 to 18), with 43% of these aged ≥ 10 years and a male to female ratio of 1.1:1. Majority (65%) had advanced HIV (WHO Stage III/IV) at ART initiation with a mean duration on ART of 3.8 years (± 1.2). The prevalence of fat redistribution and hyperlipidemia was 27.0% and 34.0%, respectively. None of the children had hyperglycaemia. Among the children with hyperlipidemia, 16.8% exhibited hypercholesterolemia and 83% had hypertriglyceridemia. Only 29% of children with fat redistribution had hyperlipidemia. We found significant association between fat redistribution and Tanner stages 2 to 5 OR=2.3 (95%CI 1.3 to 3.8), age ≥ 5 years OR=3.9 (95%CI 1.5 to 9.9) and d4T exposure OR=3.4 (95%CI 2.0 to 5.8). A Tanner stage 2 to 5 was independently associated with hyperlipidemia. No significant association was observed with HIV clinical stage and any of the anthropometric measurements.
conclusionThe prevalence of lipodystrophy is high among HIV-infected children on ART with a likelihood of developing fat redistribution and metabolic abnormalities increased during puberty.
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