ArticleAmerican journal of public health2012
The return of rainbow diet pills.
Article in American journal of public health, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Post-marketing withdrawal of anti-obesity medicinal products because of adverse drug reactions: a systematic review.BMC medicine · 2016Pooled it
- Safety and efficacy of fenproporex for obesity treatment: a systematic review.Revista de saude publica · 2016Pooled it
- The Evolution of Medications for Obesity Management.JGH open : an open access journal of gastroenterology and hepatology · 2026Review
- Ritual to relief: ethical frontiers in repurposing psychoactive substances.CNS spectrums · 2025Review
- Obesity: a 100 year perspective.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2025Review
- Economic Value of Initial Implementation Activities for Proposed Ban on Sales of Over-The-Counter Diet Pills and Muscle-Building Supplements to Minors.AJPM focus · 2023Article
- Signaling pathways in obesity: mechanisms and therapeutic interventions.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2022Review
- Anti-obesity drug discovery: advances and challenges.Nature reviews. Drug discovery · 2022Review
- From leptin to lasers: the past and present of mouse models of obesity.Expert opinion on drug discovery · 2021Article
- Suspected adverse reaction to compounded preparations prescribed for weight loss: two cases of cerebral venous thrombosis.BMJ case reports · 2020Article
- Thyroid Hormone Action and Energy Expenditure.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2019Review
- Review
- Would You Use It With a Seal of Approval? Important Attributes of 2,4-Dinitrophenol (2,4-DNP) as a Hypothetical Pharmaceutical Product.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2018Article
- Russian roulette with unlicensed fat-burner drug 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP): evidence from a multidisciplinary study of the internet, bodybuilding supplements and DNP users.Substance abuse treatment, prevention, and policy · 2015Article
- Modern obesity pharmacotherapy: weighing cardiovascular risk and benefit.Clinical cardiology · 2014Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has recently warned consumers about the risks of weight loss supplements adulterated with multiple pharmaceutical agents. Some of these supplements combine potent anorectics, such as amphetamines derivatives, with benzodiazepines, beta-blockers, and other medications to suppress the anorectics' adverse effects. These weight loss supplements represent the most recent generation of rainbow diet pills, named for their bright and varied colors, which date back more than 70 years. Beginning in the 1940s, several US pharmaceutical firms aggressively promoted rainbow pills to physicians and patients. By the 1960s the pills had caused dozens of deaths before the FDA began removing them from the US market. We used a variety of original resources to trace these deadly pills from their origins in the United States to their popularity in Spain and Brazil to their reintroduction to the United States as weight loss dietary supplements.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.