ArticleInfectious diseases in obstetrics and gynecology2012
Genital tract infections, bacterial vaginosis, HIV, and reproductive health issues among Lima-based clandestine female sex workers.
Article in Infectious diseases in obstetrics and gynecology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Hormonal contraception is associated with a reduced risk of bacterial vaginosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2013Pooled it
- Factors in the HIV risk environment associated with bacterial vaginosis among HIV-negative female sex workers who inject drugs in the Mexico-United States border region.BMC public health · 2018Trial
- Harnessing Social Media, Influencers, and Community Engagement to Confront HIV-Related Stigma in Peru: Longitudinal Descriptive Study of the DiME Campaign.Journal of medical Internet research · 2026Article
- A Qualitative Descriptive Study of the Drivers, Perpetuators, and Impacts of Stigma Among Youth Living with HIV in Lima, Peru.AIDS and behavior · 2026Article
- Article
- Sex under Influence of Drugs: A Nationwide Survey among Iranian Female Sex Workers.Addiction & health · 2018Article
- Sexual Risk, Behavior, and HIV Testing and Status among Male and Transgender Women Sex Workers and their Clients in Lima, Peru.International journal of sexual health : official journal of the World Association for Sexual Health · 2018Article
- Article
- The perinatal microbiome and pregnancy: moving beyond the vaginal microbiome.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine · 2015Review
- Uptake of a women-only, sex-work-specific drop-in center and links with sexual and reproductive health care for sex workers.International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics · 2015Article
- When Sex Work Becomes Your Everything: The Complex Linkages Between Economy and Affection Among Male Sex Workers in Peru.American journal of men's health · 2014Article
- The changing face of HIV in Latin America and the Caribbean.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2014Review
- 'Just getting by': a cross-sectional study of male sex workers as a key population for HIV/STIs among men who have sex with men in Peru.Sexually transmitted infections · 2014Article
- Article
- Prevalence of Soft-Tissue Lesions among Women in Sex Work in the Red Light Area of Pune, India: A Cross-Sectional Survey.Journal of International Society of Preventive & Community DentistryArticle
- Effect of self-care training program based on Orem's model on the behaviors leading to sexually transmitted disease in vulnerable women.Iranian journal of nursing and midwifery researchArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Sociodemographic and behavioral characteristics of 212 Peruvian female sex workers (FSWs) were analyzed. The association between genital tract infections (GTIs) and risk factors by multivariate analysis was evaluated. Eighty-eight percent of FSWs were diagnosed with at least one GTI (HSV-2 80.1%, BV 44.8%, candidiasis 9.9%, syphilis seropositivity 9.4%, Trichomonas vaginalis 2.4%, HIV seropositivity 2.4%). Reported condom use with clients was nearly universal (98.3%), but infrequent with husband/regular partners (7.3%). In multivariate analysis BV was negatively associated with more consistent condom use (PRR = 0.63, 95% CI, 0.42-0.96). Many had not visited a Sexually Transmitted Infection (STI) clinic or been tested for HIV in the past year (40.6%, 47.1%, resp.). Nonclient contraceptive use was low (57%) and induced abortion was common (68%). High GTI burden and abortions suggest that a services-access gap persists among marginalized FSWs. Continued health outreach programs and integrating family planning and reproductive health services into existing STI clinic services are recommended.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.