ArticleBMC infectious diseases2012
Value of soluble TREM-1, procalcitonin, and C-reactive protein serum levels as biomarkers for detecting bacteremia among sepsis patients with new fever in intensive care units: a prospective cohort study.
Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01410578 (The Value of Soluble TREM-1, Procalcitonin, and C-reactive Protein Serum Levels as Markers for the Detection of Sepsis and Bacteremia Among Patients With a Fever of Unknown Origin in Intensive Care Units), which is not on this map. Cited by 71 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The Value of Soluble TREM-1, Procalcitonin, and C-reactive Protein Serum Levels as Markers for the Detection of Sepsis and Bacteremia Among Patients With a Fever of Unknown Origin in Intensive Care Units
Who cites it
71 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 118 citations in OpenAlex.
- Fever Is Associated with Reduced, Hypothermia with Increased Mortality in Septic Patients: A Meta-Analysis of Clinical Trials.PloS one · 2017Pooled it
- Role of sTREM-1 in predicting mortality of infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ open · 2016Pooled it
- Accuracy of plasma sTREM-1 for sepsis diagnosis in systemic inflammatory patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Critical care (London, England) · 2012Pooled it
- Early changes of the kinetics of monocyte trem-1 reflect final outcome in human sepsis.BMC immunology · 2014Trial
- Integrating serum ferritin and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio with Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score improves mortality prediction in sepsis.World journal of methodology · 2026Article
- TREM1-NLRP3-driven pyroptosis in sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (AKI) with parallel autophagy changes.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Clinical Value of Galectin-9, Soluble TREM-1, and Soluble CD25 Among Critically Ill Patients with Organ Failure in the Emergency Department: A Prospective Observational Study.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Sepsis Prediction: Biomarkers Combined in a Bayesian Approach.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Neutrophils and the Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS).International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Monitoring of the Forgotten Immune System during Critical Illness-A Narrative Review.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2022Review
- Role of biomarkers in the diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis in immunocompromised patients.Annals of clinical microbiology and antimicrobials · 2022Article
- [Which biomarkers for diagnosis and guidance of anti-infection treatment in sepsis?]Der Anaesthesist · 2022Review
- Synergistic effect of GF9 and streptomycin on relieving gram-negative bacteria-induced sepsis.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2022Article
- Novel Diagnostics and Therapeutics in Sepsis.Biomedicines · 2021Review
- Diagnostic Value of Endotracheal Tube-Aspirate Soluble Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells-1 Concentration for Neonatal Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2021Article
- Evaluation of sTREM1 and suPAR Biomarkers as Diagnostic and Prognostic Predictors in Sepsis Patients.Infection and drug resistance · 2021Article
- TREM-1 promoted apoptosis and inhibited autophagy in LPS-treated HK-2 cells through the NF-κB pathway.International journal of medical sciences · 2021Article
- A passive monitoring tool using hospital administrative data enables earlier specific detection of healthcare-acquired infections.The Journal of hospital infection · 2020Article
- Value of dynamic plasma cell-free DNA monitoring in septic shock syndrome: A case report.World journal of clinical cases · 2020Article
- Diagnostic and Prognostic Value of IL-6 and sTREM-1 in SIRS and Sepsis in Children.Mediators of inflammation · 2020Article
11 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe purpose of this study was to explore the diagnostic value of soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1 (sTREM-1), procalcitonin (PCT), and C-reactive protein (CRP) serum levels for differentiating sepsis from SIRS, identifying new fever caused by bacteremia, and assessing prognosis when new fever occurred.
methodsWe enrolled 144 intensive care unit (ICU) patients: 60 with systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and 84 with sepsis complicated by new fever at more than 48 h after ICU admission. Serum sTREM-1, PCT, and CRP levels were measured on the day of admission and at the occurrence of new fever (>38.3°C) during hospitalization. Based on the blood culture results, the patients were divided into a blood culture-positive bacteremia group (33 patients) and blood culture-negative group (51 patients). Based on 28-day survival, all patients, both blood culture-positive and -negative, were further divided into survivor and nonsurvivor groups.
resultsOn ICU day 1, the sepsis group had higher serum sTREM-1, PCT, and CRP levels compared with the SIRS group (P <0.05). The areas under the curve (AUC) for these indicators were 0.868 (95% CI, 0.798-0.938), 0.729 (95% CI, 0.637-0.821), and 0.679 (95% CI, 0.578-0.771), respectively. With 108.9 pg/ml as the cut-off point for serum sTREM-1, sensitivity was 0.83 and specificity was 0.81. There was no statistically significant difference in serum sTREM-1 or PCT levels between the blood culture-positive and -negative bacteremia groups with ICU-acquired new fever. However, the nonsurvivors in the blood culture-positive bacteremia group had higher levels of serum sTREM-1 and PCT (P <0.05), with a prognostic AUC for serum sTREM-1 of 0.868 (95% CI, 0.740-0.997).
conclusionsSerum sTREM-1, PCT, and CRP levels each have a role in the early diagnosis of sepsis. Serum sTREM-1, with the highest sensitivity and specificity of all indicators studied, is especially notable. sTREM-1, PCT, and CRP levels are of no use in determining new fever caused by bacteremia in ICU patients, but sTREM-1 levels reflect the prognosis of bacteremia.
trial registrationClinicalTrial.gov identifier NCT01410578.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.