Trial reportPloS one2012
Oral antimicrobial rinse to reduce mycobacterial culture contamination among tuberculosis suspects in Uganda: a prospective study.
Trial report in PloS one, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparison of sputum collection methods for tuberculosis diagnosis: a systematic review and pairwise and network meta-analysis.The Lancet. Global health · 2017Pooled it
- Contamination rates in serially sampled sputum specimens obtained during tuberculosis treatment to capture culture conversion.Microbiology spectrum · 2025Article
- Exploring the Role of Gut-Lung Interactions in COPD Pathogenesis: A Comprehensive Review on Microbiota Characteristics and Inflammation Modulation.Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (Miami, Fla.) · 2024Article
- The threat of persistent bacteria and fungi contamination in tuberculosis sputum cultures.African health sciences · 2021Article
- Why oral antiseptic mouth rinsing before sputum collection cannot reduce contamination rate of mycobacterial culture in Burkina-Faso.African health sciences · 2019Article
- The Incremental Value of Repeated Induced Sputum and Gastric Aspirate Samples for the Diagnosis of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Young Children With Acute Community-Acquired Pneumonia.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2017Article
- Sputum quality and diagnostic performance of GeneXpert MTB/RIF among smear-negative adults with presumed tuberculosis in Uganda.PloS one · 2017Article
- Comparative Yield of Different Diagnostic Tests for Tuberculosis among People Living with HIV in Western Kenya.PloS one · 2016Article
- Tuberculosis diagnostics in Fiji: how reliable is culture?Public health action · 2014Article
- Lowenstein-Jensen selective medium for reducing contamination in Mycobacterium tuberculosis culture.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2014Article
- Impact of pre-analytical factors on mycobacterium cultures contaminations rates in Burkina Faso, West Africa.The Pan African medical journal · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
rationaleContamination by bacterial or fungal organisms reduces the effectiveness of mycobacterial culture for diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). We evaluated the effect of an anti-microbial and an anti-fungal oral rinse prior to expectoration on culture-contamination rates.
methodsWe enrolled a consecutive random sample of adults with cough for ≥ 2 weeks and suspected TB admitted to Mulago Hospital (Kampala, Uganda) between October 2008 and June 2009. We randomly assigned patients to oral rinse (60 seconds with chlorhexidine followed by 60 seconds with nystatin) vs. no oral rinse prior to initial sputum collection. Uganda National Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory technicians blinded to the method of sputum collection (with or without oral rinse) processed all sputum specimens for smear microscopy (direct Ziehl-Neelsen) and mycobacterial culture (Lowenstein-Jensen media).
resultsOf 220 patients enrolled, 177 (80%) were HIV-seropositive (median CD4-count 37 cells/uL, IQR 13-171 cells/uL). Baseline characteristics were similar between patients in the oral-rinse (N = 110) and no oral-rinse (N = 110) groups. The proportion of contaminated cultures was significantly lower in the oral-rinse group compared to the no oral-rinse group (4% vs. 15%, risk difference -11%, 95% CI -18 to -3%, p = 0.005). Oral rinse significantly reduced the proportion of contaminated cultures among HIV-infected patients (3% vs. 18%, risk difference -14%, 95% CI -23 to -6%, p = 0.002) but not HIV-uninfected (6% vs. 4%, risk difference 2%, 95% CI -12 to +15%, p = 0.81) patients. However, the proportion of smear-positive specimens (25% vs. 35%, p = 0.10) and culture-positive specimens (48% vs. 56%, p = 0.24) were lower in the oral-rinse compared to the no oral-rinse group, although the differences were not statistically significant.
conclusionsOral rinse prior to sputum expectoration is a promising strategy to reduce mycobacterial culture contamination in areas with high HIV prevalence, if strategies can be devised to reduce the adverse impact of oral rinse on smear- and culture-positivity.
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