ArticleImmunology and cell biology2012
HspX-mediated protection against tuberculosis depends on its chaperoning of a mycobacterial molecule.
Article in Immunology and cell biology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 66 citations in OpenAlex.
- TZ1391: a computationally designed circular mRNA multi-epitope vaccine candidate against Mycobacterium tuberculosis via TLR3 immunomodulation.BMC immunology · 2026Article
- Recent Characterization of Key Proteins to Combat Tuberculosis.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026Review
- Exploring the Protein Landscape of Dormant Mycobacterium tuberculosis Through In Vitro Functional Studies.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026Review
- Culture conditions impact the protein expression profile of Mycobacterium bovis BCG strains Moreau and Pasteur.BMC microbiology · 2025Article
- Analysis of the components of Mycobacterium tuberculosis heat-resistant antigen (Mtb-HAg) and its regulation of γδ T-cell function.Cellular & molecular biology letters · 2024Article
- Production and Evaluation of Ag85B:HspX:hFcγ1 Immunogenicity as an Fc Fusion Recombinant Multi-Stage Vaccine Candidate Against Mycobacterium tuberculosis.Current microbiology · 2024Article
- Antigen identification strategies and preclinical evaluation models for advancing tuberculosis vaccine development.NPJ vaccines · 2024Review
- DNA and RNA vaccines against tuberculosis: a scoping review of human and animal studies.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Liposomal delivery system/adjuvant for tuberculosis vaccine.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2023Review
- Evaluating the Performance of PPE44, HSPX, ESAT-6 and CFP-10 Factors in Tuberculosis Subunit Vaccines.Current microbiology · 2022Review
- Role of ATP-Small Heat Shock Protein Interaction in Human Diseases.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2022Review
- HspX-mediated survival pathways of pathogenic mycobacteria.Saudi medical journal · 2021Article
- AFrontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Comparison of hspX gene sequence in the Beijing and non-BeijingJournal of clinical tuberculosis and other mycobacterial diseases · 2020Article
- Heterologous Expression, Purification, and Characterization of the HspX, Ppe44, and EsxV Proteins ofReports of biochemistry & molecular biology · 2018Article
- The BCGΔBCG1419c Vaccine Candidate Reduces Lung Pathology, IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-10 During Chronic TB Infection.Frontiers in microbiology · 2018Article
- Humanized NOG mice as a model for tuberculosis vaccine-induced immunity: a comparative analysis with the mouse and guinea pig models of tuberculosis.Immunology · 2017Article
- Design and Construction of a Cloning Vector Containing theReports of biochemistry & molecular biology · 2016Article
- Construction of a Novel DNA Vaccine Candidate Encoding an HspX-PPE44-EsxV Fusion Antigen of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.Reports of biochemistry & molecular biology · 2016Article
- Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
New approaches consisting of 'multistage' vaccines against (TB) are emerging that combine early antigenic proteins with latency-associated antigens. In this study, HspX was tested for its potential to elicit both short- and long-term protective immune responses. HspX is a logical component in vaccine strategies targeting protective immune responses against primary infection, as well as against reactivation of latent infection, because as previously shown, it is produced during latency, and as our studies show, it elicits protection within 30 days of infection. Recent studies have shown that the current TB vaccine, bacilli Calmette-Guerin (BCG), does not induce strong interferon-γ T-cell responses to latency-associated antigens like HspX, which may be in part why BCG fails to protect against reactivation disease. We therefore tested HspX protein alone as a prophylactic vaccine and as a boost to BCG vaccination, and found that HspX purified from M. tuberculosis cell lysates protected mice against aerosol challenge and improved the protective efficacy of BCG when used as a booster vaccine. Native HspX was highly immunogenic and protective, in a dose-dependent manner, in both short- and long-term infection models. Based on these promising findings, HspX was produced as a recombinant protein in E. coli, as this would enable facile purification; however, recombinant HspX (rHspX) alone consistently failed to protect against aerosol challenge. Incubation of rHspX with mycobacterial cell lysate and re-purification following incubation restored the capacity of the protein to confer protection. These data suggest the possibility that the native form may chaperone an immunogenic and protective antigen that is mycobacteria-specific.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.