Evidence map›Paper›PMID 22797974›Full record

ArticleTropical animal health and production2012

Cryptosporidium species detected in calves and cattle in Dagoretti, Nairobi, Kenya.

Erastus K Kang'ethe, Erastus K Mulinge, Robert A Skilton, Moses Njahira, Joseph G Monda, Concepta Nyongesa, Cecilia K Mbae, Stanley K Kamwati

Abstract read
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Article in Tropical animal health and production, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Prevalence and molecular characterisation ofInternational journal for parasitology. Parasites and wildlife · 2026
    Article
  3. Current research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases · 2025
    Article
  4. The prevalence and genetic characterisation ofJournal of parasitic diseases : official organ of the Indian Society for Parasitology · 2021
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. The Pan African medical journal · 2017
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Erastus K Kang'etheDepartment of Public Health, Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Nairobi, PO Box 29053, Nairobi, Kenya.
Erastus K Mulinge
Robert A Skilton
Moses Njahira
Joseph G Monda
Concepta Nyongesa
Cecilia K Mbae
Stanley K Kamwati

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

A total of 1,734 cattle faecal samples from 296 dairy-keeping households were collected from urban settings in Nairobi, Kenya. Modified Ziehl-Neelsen staining method and an immunofluorescence assay were used to identify those samples with Cryptosporidium oocyst infection. Oocysts from positive faecal samples were isolated by Sheather's sucrose flotation method and picked from the concentrate using cover slips. Genomic DNA was extracted from 124 of the faecal samples that were positive for Cryptosporidium and was used as template for nested PCR of the 18S rRNA gene. Twenty-five samples (20 %) were PCR-positive for Cryptosporidium, and 24 of the PCR products were successfully cloned and sequenced. Sequence and phylogenetic analysis identified 17 samples (68 %) as Cryptosporidium parvum-like, four samples (16 %) as Cryptosporidium ryanae, three samples (12 %) as Cryptosporidium andersoni and one sample (4 %) as Cryptosporidium hominis. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first genotyping study to report C. parvum-like, C. andersoni and C. hominis in cattle from Kenya. The results of this study show Cryptosporidium infections in calves and cattle may be potential zoonotic reservoirs of the parasite that infects humans.

Indexed as

AnimalsCattleCattle DiseasesCloning, MolecularCoinfectionCommunicable Diseases, EmergingCryptosporidiosisCryptosporidiumCryptosporidium parvumFecesFemaleKenyaMaleMolecular Sequence DataPhylogenyPolymerase Chain ReactionRNA, ProtozoanRNA, Ribosomal, 18S

Identifiers

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.