ArticleOncogene2013
Elevated PLGF contributes to small-cell lung cancer brain metastasis.
Article in Oncogene, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 63 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
63 citing papers in PubMed, 110 citations in OpenAlex.
- The emerging roles of cerebral pericytes in brain metastasis.Neuro-oncology · 2026Review
- BraMARS: An Interpretable Histopathology-Driven Deep Learning Model for Brain Metastasis Risk Stratification in Surgically Resected Limited-Stage SCLC.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Neuro-Immune Crosstalk: Molecular Mechanisms, Biological Functions, Diseases, and Therapeutic Targets.MedComm · 2026Review
- Increased Blood Levels of NfL, GFAP, and Placental Growth Factor After Radiotherapy to the Brain.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2026Article
- Brain neurovascular unit in response to intra- and extra-central nervous system cancers: implications, mechanisms, and challenges.Cancer cell international · 2025Review
- Clinical Features, Molecular Biology, and the Metastatic Microenvironment in Lung Cancer Brain Metastases: Implications for Treatment Decisions.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Review
- SPANXB1 drives brain metastasis in breast cancer via MMP1 regulation: potential therapeutic insights with metformin.Cell death discovery · 2025Article
- Blood-brain barrier alterations as an initiator of brain metastasis from lung cancer: a new take on an old story.Cancer gene therapy · 2025Review
- Astrocyte involvement in brain metastasis: from biological mechanisms to therapeutic strategies.Cancer metastasis reviews · 2025Review
- Cancer brain metastasis: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic strategies.Molecular biomedicine · 2025Review
- Deciphering the Blood-Brain Barrier Paradox in Brain Metastasis Development and Therapy.Cancers · 2025Review
- Activating Invasion and Metastasis in Small Cell Lung Cancer: Role of the Tumour Immune Microenvironment and Mechanisms of Vasculogenesis, Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition, Cell Migration, and Organ Tropism.Cancer reports (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2024Review
- MicroRNAs in Lung Cancer Brain Metastasis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Crosstalk between small-cell lung cancer cells and astrocytes mimics brain development to promote brain metastasis.Nature cell biology · 2023Article
- Targeting of endothelial cells in brain tumours.Clinical and translational medicine · 2023Review
- The origin of brain malignancies at the blood-brain barrier.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2023Review
- Warburg effect enhanced by AKR1B10 promotes acquired resistance to pemetrexed in lung cancer-derived brain metastasis.Journal of translational medicine · 2023Article
- The Brain Pre-Metastatic Niche: Biological and Technical Advancements.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Biomolecules Involved in Both Metastasis and Placenta Accreta Spectrum-Does the Common Pathophysiological Pathway Exist?Cancers · 2023Review
- Development and validation of a nomogram for the prediction of brain metastases in small cell lung cancer.The clinical respiratory journal · 2023Article
3 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
16 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Brain metastasis (BM) is a major cause of mortality in small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients; however, the molecular pathway of SCLC BM remains largely unknown because of a lack of investigation. Here we screen the levels of some candidate-soluble factors in the serum of SCLC patients and find that SCLC patients with high levels of placental growth factor (PLGF) are prone to BM. Using in vitro blood-brain barrier model, we show that PLGF derived from SCLC cells triggers vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1-Rho-extracellular regulated protein kinase 1/2 signaling axis activation, results in disassembly of tight junction in brain endothelial cells and promotes SCLC cell transendothelial migration. Furthermore, the downregulation of PLGF suppresses SCLC cell metastasis to the brain in an experimental BM model. These data suggest that PLGF is a potential signature of SCLC BM and a prospective therapeutic target for SCLC BM.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.