ArticleJournal of ocular pharmacology and therapeutics : the official journal of the Association for Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics2012
Evaluation of the intravenous and topical routes for ocular delivery of hesperidin and hesperetin.
Article in Journal of ocular pharmacology and therapeutics : the official journal of the Association for Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa Keratitis in Rats: Study of the Effect of Topical 5% Hesperidin Practice on Healing.The Eurasian journal of medicine · 2023Article
- Potential therapeutic strategies for photoreceptor degeneration: the path to restore vision.Journal of translational medicine · 2022Review
- Ocular Delivery of Polyphenols: Meeting the Unmet Needs.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- In vitro study of Hesperetin and Hesperidin as inhibitors of zika and chikungunya virus proteases.PloS one · 2021Article
- Evaluation of topical hesperetin matrix film for back-of-the-eye delivery.European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics : official journal of Arbeitsgemeinschaft fur Pharmazeutische Verfahrenstechnik e.V · 2015Article
- Hesperidin prevents retinal and plasma abnormalities in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2012Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeThe objective of this study was to determine the ocular bioavailability of hesperidin and hesperetin, especially with respect to their distribution into the posterior segment of the eye, following systemic and topical administration in rabbits.
methodsHesperidin and hesperetin were administered either intravenously or topically to male New Zealand white (NZW) rabbits. Vitreous humor and plasma samples were collected after intravenous administration and analyzed to estimate the concentrations of the parent compounds and their metabolites. Ocular tissue concentrations, obtained on topical administration of hesperidin and hesperetin, were also determined.
resultsIn the systemic circulation, hesperidin and hesperetin were rapidly metabolized into their glucuronides, which are extremely hydrophilic in nature. Vitreal samples did not demonstrate any detectable levels of hesperidin/hesperetin following intravenous administration. Topical administration produced significant concentrations of hesperidin/hesperetin in all the ocular tissues tested at the 1 and 3 hours time points postdosing, with hesperetin showing higher levels compared to hesperidin. However, only low levels were generated in the vitreous humor. Inclusion of a penetration enhancer, benzalkonium chloride (BAK), improved the back-of-the-eye hesperetin levels.
conclusionsOcular delivery of hesperidin/hesperetin via the systemic route does not seem to be feasible considering the rapid generation of the hydrophilic metabolites. Topical application appears to be more promising and needs to be further developed/refined.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.