ArticleMolecular biology international2012
The Impact of HIV Genetic Polymorphisms and Subtype Differences on the Occurrence of Resistance to Antiretroviral Drugs.
Article in Molecular biology international, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 64 citations in OpenAlex.
- HIV-1 Antiretroviral Drug Resistance in Mozambique: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Viruses · 2024Pooled it
- Article
- Development and genomic characterization of a diverse HIV-1 variant reference panel for nucleic acid-based testing.Journal of clinical virology : the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology · 2026Article
- Characterisation of RT Connection and RNase H Polymorphisms in HIV-1 Subtype C in Botswana.Viruses · 2026Article
- HIV Dolutegravir resistance and multiclass failure in Mozambique: findings from a real-world cohort.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Observational
- HIV-1 Integrase T218I/S Polymorphisms Do Not Reduce HIV-1 Integrase Inhibitors' Phenotypic Susceptibility.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2025Article
- Rev Protein Diversity in HIV-1 Group M Clades.Viruses · 2024Article
- Dolutegravir-associated resistance mutations after first-line treatment failure in Brazil.BMC infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Increasing trend of transmitted integrase inhibitor resistance in a cohort of antiretroviral therapy-naive people living with HIV.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2023Article
- Contingency and Entrenchment of Drug-Resistance Mutations in HIV Viral Proteins.The journal of physical chemistry. B · 2022Article
- HIV-1 Diversity and Drug Resistance in Treatment-Naïve Children and Adolescents from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.Viruses · 2022Article
- Identification, Genetic Characterization and Validation of Highly Diverse HIV-1 Viruses for Reference Panel Development.Viruses · 2021Article
- Antiretroviral Imprints and Genomic Plasticity of HIV-1Frontiers in microbiology · 2021Article
- Characterization of HIV-1 subtypes and drug resistance mutations in Henan Province, China (2017-2019).Archives of virology · 2020Article
- Prevalence of drug resistance mutations among ART-naive and -experienced HIV-infected patients in Sierra Leone.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2019Article
- Immune Control of HIV.Journal of life sciences (Westlake Village, Calif.) · 2019Article
- Long-Acting Anti-HIV Drugs Targeting HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase and Integrase.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Review
- Relationship between HIV integrase polymorphisms and integrase inhibitor susceptibility: AnHeliyon · 2018Article
- HIV transmission in discordant couples in Africa in the context of antiretroviral therapy availability.AIDS (London, England) · 2018Article
- Prevalence of Transmitted Drug-Resistance Mutations and Polymorphisms in HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase, Protease, and gp41 Sequences Among Recent Seroconverters in Southern Poland.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The vast majority of reports on drug resistance deal with subtype B infections in developed countries, and this is largely due to historical delays in access to antiretroviral therapy (ART) on a worldwide basis. This notwithstanding the concept that naturally occurring polymorphisms among different non-B subtypes can affect HIV-1 susceptibility to antiretroviral drugs (ARVs) is supported by both enzymatic and virological data. These findings suggest that such polymorphisms can affect both the magnitude of resistance conferred by some major mutations as well as the propensity to acquire certain resistance mutations, even though such differences are sometimes difficult to demonstrate in phenotypic assays. It is mandatory that tools are optimized to assure accurate measurements of drug susceptibility in non-B subtypes and to recognize that each subtype may have a distinct resistance profile and that differences in resistance pathways may also impact on cross-resistance and the choice of regimens to be used in second-line therapy. Although responsiveness to first-line therapy should not theoretically be affected by considerations of viral subtype and drug resistance, well-designed long-term longitudinal studies involving patients infected by viruses of different subtypes should be carried out.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.