ArticleMicrobes and environments2012
High prevalence of qnr and aac(6')-Ib-cr genes in both water-borne environmental bacteria and clinical isolates of Citrobacter freundii in China.
Article in Microbes and environments, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- A review of bacterial disease outbreaks in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) reported from 2010 to 2022.Journal of fish diseases · 2025Pooled it
- Article
- Occurrence and plasmid profiles of multidrug-resistantBiotechnologia · 2021Article
- Antimicrobial Resistance and Molecular Characterization ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021Article
- Lineage, Antimicrobial Resistance and Virulence of Citrobacter spp.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- AnAIMS microbiology · 2020Review
- Quinolone resistance mechanisms among third-generation cephalosporin resistant isolates ofInfection and drug resistance · 2019Article
- Genetic Diversity, Multidrug Resistance, and Virulence ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2018Article
- Occurrence of Plasmid- and Chromosome-CarriedAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2017Article
- Antimicrobial Resistance and Cytotoxicity ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2017Article
- Comparative genetic characterization of Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli strains recovered from clinical and non-clinical settings.Scientific reports · 2016Article
- Article
- Mechanisms of drug resistance: quinolone resistance.Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · 2015Review
- Molecular typing of CTX-M-producing escherichia coli isolates from environmental water, swine feces, specimens from healthy humans, and human patients.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2013Article
- Ciprofloxacin-resistant Aeromonas hydrophila cellulitis following leech therapy.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2013Article
- Coastal seawater bacteria harbor a large reservoir of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants in Jiaozhou Bay, China.Microbial ecology · 2012Article
- The co-selection of fluoroquinolone resistance genes in the gut flora of Vietnamese children.PloS one · 2012Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
We investigated the prevalence of qnr and aac(6')-Ib-cr genes in water-borne environmental bacteria and in clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae, as well as the subtypes of qnr. Environmental bacteria were isolated from surface water samples obtained from 10 different locations in Hangzhou City, and clinical isolates of Citrobacter freundii were isolated from several hospitals in four cities in China. qnrA, qnrB, qnrS, and aac(6')-Ib-cr genes were screened using PCR, and the genotypes were analyzed by DNA sequencing. Ten of the 78 Gram-negative bacilli isolated from water samples were C. freundii and 80% of these isolates carried the qnrB gene. qnrS1 and aac(6')-Ib-cr genes were detected in two Escherichia coli isolates and qnrS2 was detected in one species, Aeromonas punctata. The qnr and aac(6')-Ib-cr genes were present in 75 (72.8%) and 12 (11.6%) of 103 clinical isolates of C. freundii, respectively. Of the clinical C. freundii isolates with the qnr gene, 65 isolates (63.1%) carried qnrB, but only three (2.9%) and one (1.0%) carried qnrA1 and qnrS2, respectively, while five isolates carried both qnrA1 and qnrB, and one isolate carried both qnrS1 and qnrB. The qnrB9 gene was the dominant qnrB subtype, followed by qnrB8 and qnrB6. Southern hybridization studies indicated that the qnr genes are located on different plasmids. Plasmids isolated from both environmental and clinical C. freundii isolates appeared to be homogenous.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.